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. 2019 Oct 29;9:15469. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51939-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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ShIft88 or ShKif3a does not affect the promoter activities of TonEBP target genes under hyperosmotic conditions. (a–c) Proximal promoter activities of AR (a), HSP-70 (b), and TauT (c) in response to hyperosmotic stimuli (550 mOsm/kg H₂O) with or without ShIft88 or ShKif3a. The promoter activities of TonEBP target genes are mostly unaffected by ShIft88 or ShKif3a. (d) ShKif3a as well as one of the ShIft88 clones prevent further upregulation of TonEBP-TAD (Ton-TAD) activity in response to hyperosmolarity. Interestingly, the levels of TonEBP-TAD activity under isoosmotic conditions are increased with ShIft88 or ShKif3a. Data are represented as scatter plots (mean ± SEM) (n ≥ 3 with 3 technical replicates per biological replicate). ns = not significant. One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test with Sidak’s or Dunn’s multiple comparison test was used based on the distribution of the data to determine statistical significance.