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. 2019 Oct 29;9:15529. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-52112-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Leucine-rich diet led to mitochondrial biogenesis in Walker-256 tumour tissue. (A,B) Representative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs of Walker-256 tumour from animals fed a control diet (W group) and a leucine-rich diet (LW group); details show the cristae (arrow) of the mitochondria in each group. N = 3 animals per group. N = nuclei; M = mitochondria. Scale bar = 2 μm. (C) Graphics of an average number of mitochondrial sections per cell, average cell area (µm²), and average mitochondrial area per cell area (analysis accessed from counting from minimal 10 cells per animal from each group). (D,E) Representative photomicrographs of W and LW tumour groups. Observe apoptotic nucleus (head arrows). Scale bar = 50 μm. N = 3 animals per each group. (F)– Graphs of apoptotic nuclei (%) of W and LW tumour accessed by haematoxylin and eosin staining (analysis counting used 20 different areas from 3 animals per each group). (G–I) Representative analyses of malondialdehyde (MDA) content, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, and the MDA/GST ratio from tumours of the W and LW groups. N = minimum of eight animals per group. For further details see the Material and Methods section. Values are means ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05 compared to W (Student’s t-test).