Table 2. Clinical characteristics of MDR-TB patients stratified by treatment outcome in Oromia hospitals from 2012 to 2017, Oromia Ethiopia.
| Variables | No. of patients (n = 415) | Treatment Outcome | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Event(n = 88) | Censored(n = 327) | |||
| Site of Disease | Pulmonary TB | 407(98.1) | 86(97.7) | 321(98.2) |
| Extra Pulmonary TB | 8(1.9) | 2(2.3) | 6(1.8) | |
| BMI at treatment start | = <18 | 367(88.4) | 84(95.5) | 283(86.5) |
| >18 | 48(11.6) | 4(4.5) | 44(13.5) | |
| BMI at the end of treatment | = <18 | 43(10.4) | 11(12.5) | 32(9.8) |
| >18 | 372(89.6) | 77(87.5) | 295(90.2) | |
| Initial Smear result | Positive | 295(71.1) | 60(68.2) | 235(71.9) |
| Negative | 56(13.5) | 6(6.8) | 50(15.3) | |
| Not done | 64(15.4) | 22(25.0) | 42(12.8) | |
| Initial Culture result | Positive | 267(64.3) | 48(54.5) | 219(67.0) |
| Negative | 40(9.6) | 2(2.3) | 38(11.6) | |
| Not done | 108(26.0) | 38(43.2) | 70(21.4) | |
| HIV result | Reactive | 77(18.6) | 36(40.9) | 41(12.6) |
| None reactive | 336(81.4) | 52(59.1) | 284(87.4) | |
| Any co-infections | Yes | 35(8.4) | 16(18.2) | 19(5.8) |
| No | 380(91.6) | 72(81.8) | 308(94.2) | |
| Chronic disease | Yes | 11(2.7) | 5(5.7) | 6(1.8) |
| No | 404(97.3) | 83(94.3) | 321(98.2) | |
| Smear at the end of treatment | Positive | 13(3.1) | 11(12.5) | 2(0.6) |
| Negative | 358(86.3) | 45(51.1) | 313(95.7) | |
| Unknown | 44(10.6) | 32(36.4) | 12(3.7) | |
| Culture at the end of continuation phase treatment | Positive | 18(4.3) | 11(12.5) | 7(2.1) |
| Negative | 344(82.9) | 40(45.5) | 304(93.0) | |
| Unknown | 53(12.8) | 37(42.0) | 16(4.9) | |
| History of Steroid Use | Yes | 10(2.4) | 2(2.3) | 8(2.4) |
| No | 155(37.3) | 26(29.5) | 129(39.4) | |
| Unknown | 250(60.2) | 60(68.2) | 190(58.1) | |
| Drug adverse effect | Yes | 34(8.2) | 5(5.7) | 29(8.9) |
| No | 381(91.8) | 83(94.3) | 298(91.1) | |
| Reason for entering to MDR | Bacteriological Confirmed | 411(99.0) | 87(98.9) | 324(99.1) |
| Clinical Diagnosed | 4(1.0) | 1(1.1) | 3(0.9) | |
| Diagnostic Method | Xpert/MTB/RIF | 328(79.0) | 74(84.1) | 254(77.7) |
| LPA | 63(15.2) | 11(12.5) | 52(15.9) | |
| Culture | 7(1.7) | 0(0.0) | 7(2.10) | |
| Others | 17(4.1) | 3(3.4) | 14(4.30) | |
| Resistance for | One anti TB drug | 286 (68.9) | 24(27.3) | 262(80.1) |
| Two anti TB drugs | 93 (22.4) | 46(52.3) | 47(14.4) | |
| More than two anti TB drugs | 36(8.7) | 18(20.4) | 18(5.5) | |
| Treatment Regimen | Z+E+Cm+Lfx+Eto+Cs | 298(71.8) | 62(70.5) | 236(72.2) |
| Z+Cm+Lfx+Eto+Cs | 117(28.2) | 26(29.5) | 91(27.8) | |
Z: Pyrazinamide; E: Ethambutol; Cm: Capreomycin; LFx: Levofloxacin; Eto: Ehionamide; Cs: Cycloserine; Others: Microscopic ObservationDrug Susceptibility (MODS); LPA: Line Probe Assye; BMI: Body Mass Index