Table 1.
Similarities and Differences Between a Culturally Targeted Versus a Nontargeted Courage to Quit Curriculum Based on Kreuter et al.30.
| Similarities | Targeted smoking | Nontargeted smoking |
|---|---|---|
| Cessation program (CTQ-CT) | Cessation program (CTQ) | |
| Theoretical basis | Stages of change and health beliefs model | Stages of change and health beliefs model |
| Delivery channel | Group and individual peer support | Group and individual peer support |
| Counseling technique | Professionally facilitated | Professionally facilitated |
| Differences | ||
| Purpose | Achieve positive smoking cessation outcomes by addressing general and culturally specific determinants of smoking (eg, beliefs, norms). | Achieve positive smoking cessation outcomes by addressing general population–derived determinants of smoking. |
| Group counseling | Culturally targeted, LGBT specific plus general content | Nontargeted, general content |
| Peer counseling | General support and counseling | General support and counseling |
| Information delivery | Culturally informed and relevant advice and support | General advice and support |
| Packaging of contents | Use of images, color, pictures that convey relevance to the group (Peripheral Targeting) | Generic content presumed to appeal broadly |
| Educational content | Increase perceived relevance by presenting evidence specific to that population group (Evidential Targeting) | Generic content based on aggregated data |
| Educational messages | Delivered in the dominant language or use of language relevant to group (Linguistic Targeting) | Delivered in the language of the majority |
| Context and meaning of messages | Relevant to the cultural values, beliefs, and behaviors of the audience (Sociocultural Targeting) | Generic content based on mainstream culture |
| Involvement of larger community | Involvement of target community (Constituent-Involving Targeting) | Generic model of intervention delivery |
CTQ = Courage to Quit; CTQ-CT = culturally targeted Courage to Quit.