Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics by Experimental Group and Treatment Completion
| Characteristic | Experimental group | Treatment completion | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Targeted n = 172 | Control n = 173 | p Value | Yes n = 278 | No n = 166 | p Value | |
| Demographic | ||||||
| Age, m (SD) | 38.6 (11.7) | 39.4 (11.3) | .535 | 39.4 (11.6) | 37.5 (11.1) | .091 |
| BMI, m (SD) | 26.9 (6.7) | 27.0 (6.7) | .924 | 26.8 (6.4) | 27.0 (6.5) | .722 |
| Gender identity, n (%) | .850 | .489 | ||||
| Male | 122 (71.3) | 126 (73.3) | 202 (73.2) | 113 (68.1) | ||
| Female | 39 (22.8) | 35 (20.3) | 59 (21.4) | 41 (24.7) | ||
| Transgender | 10 (5.8) | 11 (6.4) | 15 (5.4) | 12 (7.2) | ||
| Sexual identity, n (%) | .231 | .034 | ||||
| Only gay | 104 (60.5) | 120 (69.4) | 185 (66.5) | 88 (53.0) | ||
| Mostly gay | 25 (14.5) | 18 (10.4) | 35 (12.6) | 27 (16.3) | ||
| Bisexual | 32 (18.6) | 22 (12.7) | 43 (15.5) | 35 (21.1) | ||
| Other | 11 (6.4) | 13 (7.5) | 15 (5.4) | 16 (9.6) | ||
| Race, n (%) | .158 | <.0001 | ||||
| White | 92 (53.5) | 113 (65.3) | 174 (62.6) | 62 (37.3) | ||
| Black | 45 (26.2) | 34 (19.6) | 59 (21.2) | 70 (42.2) | ||
| Hispanic | 14 (8.1) | 9 (5.2) | 20 (7.2) | 11 (6.6) | ||
| Other | 21 (12.2) | 17 (9.8) | 25 (9.0) | 23 (13.9) | ||
| Education, n (%) | .982 | <.0001 | ||||
| High school or less | 28 (16.3) | 28 (16.2) | 40 (14.4) | 51 (30.7) | ||
| Trade school/some college | 64 (37.2) | 61 (35.3) | 93 (33.4) | 65 (39.2) | ||
| College degree | 50 (29.1) | 52 (30.1) | 88 (31.6) | 35 (21.1) | ||
| Graduate work | 30 (17.4) | 32 (18.5) | 57 (20.5) | 15 (9.0) | ||
| Income, n (%) | .583 | .017 | ||||
| <20 k | 83 (48.5) | 70 (40.5) | 115 (41.5) | 88 (53.0) | ||
| 20–29 k | 23 (13.4) | 29 (16.7) | 43 (15.5) | 32 (19.3) | ||
| 30–39 k | 22 (12.9) | 21 (12.1) | 38 (13.7) | 13 (7.8) | ||
| 40–49 k | 14 (8.2) | 17 (9.8) | 24 (8.7) | 14 (8.4) | ||
| 50+ | 29 (17.0) | 36 (20.8) | 57 (20.6) | 19 (11.4) | ||
| Insurance, n (%) | .666 | .051 | ||||
| Yes | 124 (72.5) | 129 (74.6) | 209 (75.4) | 111 (66.9) | ||
| No | 47 (27.5) | 44 (25.4) | 68 (24.5) | 55 (33.1) | ||
| HIV status, n (%) | .893 | .065 | ||||
| Positive | 54 (31.4) | 51 (29.5) | 81 (29.1) | 66 (39.8) | ||
| Negative | 103 (59.9) | 105 (60.7) | 171 (61.5) | 85 (51.2) | ||
| Don’t know/refused | 15 (8.7) | 17 (9.8) | 26 (9.3) | 15 (9.0) | ||
| Smoking characteristics | ||||||
| CO level, m (SD) | 23.4 (14.0) | 26.1 (18.7) | .143 | 24.8 (17.4) | 23.5 (13.9) | .367 |
| No. of quit attempts, m (SD) | 4.7 (5.8) | 5.1 (6.3) | .576 | 4.3 (6.0) | 3.4 (4.4) | .064 |
| Had previous quit attempts, n (%) | 150 (87.2) | 148 (85.5) | .623 | 245 (88.1) | 124 (75.1) | .0004 |
| Menthol use, n (%) | 83 (48.5) | 61 (35.3) | .013 | 107 (38.6) | 112 (67.9) | <.0001 |
| Nicotine dependence, m (SD) | 4.3 (2.5) | 4.2 (2.3) | .854 | 4.1 (2.4) | 4.8 (2.5) | .001 |
| Cigarettes per day, m (SD) | 12.1 (7.4) | 13.8 (8.1) | .048 | 12.5 (7.4) | 13.5 (9.2) | .224 |
| Smoking urges, m (SD) | 36.2 (13.5) | 36.2 (13.1) | .990 | 35.2 (13.0) | 39.5 (15.3) | .002 |
| Nicotine withdrawal, m (SD) | 15.8 (9.9) | 16.6 (9.4) | .459 | 16.2 (9.5) | 16.2 (10.1) | .965 |
| Readiness to quit, m (SD) | 7.0 (1.2) | 6.9 (1.1) | .416 | 6.9 (1.1) | 7.0 (1.2) | .633 |
| Abstinence self-efficacy, m (SD) | 17.4 (5.8) | 17.8 (5.5) | .522 | 17.5 (5.6) | 18.5 (6.3) | .075 |
| Perceived risks of quitting, m (SD) | 4.2 (0.8) | 4.2 (0.8) | .973 | 4.2 (0.8) | 4.1 (1.0) | .117 |
| Perceived benefits of quitting, m (SD) | 6.2 (0.6) | 6.2 (0.8) | .994 | 6.2 (0.8) | 6.1 (0.7) | .359 |
BMI = body mass index; CO = carbon monoxide; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; SD = standard deviation.
Treatment completion was defined as attending three or more treatment sessions. Treatment noncompleters included 99 nonrandomized participants who completed baseline measures and 67 randomized participants who did not complete at least three treatment sessions.