Table 3.
Primary and Secondary Outcomes by Experimental Group and Time Point
| 1 Mo | 3 Mo | 6 Mo | 12 Mo | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Targeted n = 133 | Control n = 123 | p Value | Targeted n = 120 | Control n = 118 | p Value | Targeted n = 127 | Control n = 125 | p Value | Targeted n = 114 | Control n = 114 | p Value | |
| Quit rates | 52 (40.3) | 58 (47.1) | .273 | 33 (28.7) | 40 (34.5) | .344 | 37 (29.1) | 52 (41.6) | .038 | 35 (30.7) | 42 (37.2) | .303 |
| Completer quit rates | 52 (44.8) | 56 (47.9) | .642 | 32 (32.6) | 39 (36.4) | .568 | 34 (31.5) | 49 (43.7) | .060 | 30 (31.6) | 38 (37.6) | 0.374 |
| Missing as smoking | ||||||||||||
| Quit ratesa, n (%) | 52 (30.2) | 58 (33.5) | .512 | 33 (19.2) | 40 (23.1) | .371 | 37 (21.5) | 52 (30.1) | .070 | 35 (20.3) | 42 (24.3) | .381 |
| Completer quit rates,an (%) | 52 (38.0) | 56 (39.7) | .763 | 32 (23.4) | 39 (27.7) | .411 | 34 (24.8) | 49 (34.7) | .070 | 30 (21.9) | 38 (26.9) | .327 |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||||||||||
| Nicotine dependence,b m (SD) | 1.4 (1.1) | 1.4 (1.0) | .845 | 2.1 (2.5) | 1.8 (2.2) | .335 | 2.0 (2.2) | 1.7 (2.2) | .207 | 1.9 (2.2) | 2.0 (2.4) | .623 |
| Cigarettes per day,b m (SD) | 2.3 (3.4) | 2.5 (4.1) | .673 | 4.7 (5.4) | 3.9 (5.1) | .229 | 5.1 (5.6) | 5.5 (6.7) | .619 | 6.0 (5.9) | 6.5 (7.8) | .615 |
| Smoking urges, m (SD) | 17.5 (11.5) | 18.2(12.3) | .637 | 19.8 (11.9) | 20.5 (13.4) | .642 | 22.4 (14.4) | 22.2 (14.4) | .895 | 23.8 (15.4) | 21.0 (12.1) | .125 |
| Nicotine withdrawal, m (SD) | 8.5 (9.3) | 8.7 (8.1) | .849 | 8.6 (9.0) | 9.5 (9.2) | .427 | 10.9 (10.1) | 10.6 (9.4) | .819 | 12.0 (10.0) | 12.0 (9.7) | .979 |
| Readiness to quit, m (SD) | 8.5 (1.5) | 8.5 (1.5) | .942 | 8.1 (1.5) | 8.1 (1.6) | .860 | 7.8 (1.5) | 8.1 (1.6) | .129 | 7.7 (1.8) | 7.8 (1.7) | .513 |
| Abstinence self-efficacy, m (SD) | 28.4 (7.0) | 28.6 (7.0) | .822 | 22.5 (7.9) | 23.1 (7.8) | .563 | ||||||
| Risks of quitting,c m (SD) | 3.2 (1.2) | 3.5 (1.3) | .229 | 3.3 (1.2) | 3.5 (1.2) | .240 | ||||||
| Benefits of quitting,c m (SD) | 6.3 (0.6) | 6.0 (1.3) | .143 | 6.1 (1.1) | 5.9 (1.2) | .308 | ||||||
| Weight gain concerns,c m (SD) | 10.0 (4.1) | 10.6 (4.5) | .466 | 10.6 (4.6) | 10.1 (4.0) | .491 | ||||||
SD = standard deviation.
aMissing values for quit rates were coded as “not quit” and sample sizes are equal for all time points (targeted n = 172 and control n = 173; completers: targeted n = 137 and control n = 141).
bNonsmokers included as 0.
cOnly collected for current smokers (1 mo: targeted n = 70 and control n = 60; 3 mo: targeted n = 85 and control n = 73). Results are unadjusted.