Table 2.

Effect of TDP-43, tau and Lewy body stages on grey matter volume

	TDP stage 1	TDP stage 2	TDP stage 3	TDP stage 4+
Amygdala L	−9.1 [−13.7, −4.2], P < 0.001	−7.3 [−12.2, −2.1], P = 0.007	−4 [−11.1, 3.7], P = 0.30	−7.5 [−11.1, −3.8], P < 0.001
Amygdala R	−9.9 [−14.7, −4.9], P < 0.001	−5.4 [−10.7, 0.3], P = 0.06	−9.4 [−16.4, −1.7], P = 0.02	−8.3 [−12, −4.4], P < 0.001
Entorhinal cortex L	−10.3 [−16.5, −3.7], P = 0.003	−13.8 [−20.2, −7], P < 0.001	−12 [−20.9, −2.2], P = 0.02	−14.2 [−18.7, −9.4], P < 0.001
Entorhinal cortex R	−9.4 [−15.2, −3.2], P = 0.003	−10.3 [−16.5, −3.6], P = 0.003	−15.6 [−23.6, −6.9], P < 0.001	−13.4 [−17.7, −9], P < 0.001
Hippocampus L	−6.7 [−11.2, −2], P = 0.006	−10.5 [−15.1, −5.6], P < 0.001	−14.3 [−20.4, −7.8], P < 0.001	−15.7 [−18.8, −12.4], P < 0.001
Hippocampus R	−5.4 [−10.5, 0], P = 0.05	−7.4 [−12.7, −1.8], P = 0.01	−16.9 [−23.5, −9.8], P < 0.001	−14.1 [−17.7, −10.4], P < 0.001
Fusiform L	−1.4 [−6.2, 3.7], P = 0.59	−4.3 [−9.4, 1.2], P = 0.12	−7.1 [−13.9, 0.3], P = 0.06	−4.5 [−8, −0.8], P = 0.02
Fusiform R	−1.6 [−6.5, 3.5], P = 0.53	−4.4 [−9.4, 1], P = 0.11	−7.6 [−14.3, −0.4], P = 0.04	−1.2 [−4.9, 2.6], P = 0.53
Insula L	0.5 [−3.4, 4.6], P = 0.79	−2.8 [−6.9, 1.4], P = 0.19	−4.7 [−10.2, 1.2], P = 0.12	−3.9 [−6.8, −1], P = 0.010
Insula R	0.4 [−3.4, 4.2], P = 0.85	−4 [−7.8, 0], P = 0.05	−5.8 [−11, −0.3], P = 0.04	−3.7 [−6.4, −0.9], P = 0.01
Temporal inferior L	1.1 [−4, 6.4], P = 0.69	−4.8 [−9.9, 0.6], P = 0.08	−1.9 [−9.2, 5.9], P = 0.62	−3.9 [−7.5, −0.1], P = 0.05
Temporal inferior R	−2.4 [−7.4, 2.8], P = 0.35	−5 [−10.2, 0.6], P = 0.08	−5.6 [−12.7, 2], P = 0.14	−2.7 [−6.4, 1.2], P = 0.18
Frontal middle L	−1.5 [−8.2, 5.7], P = 0.68	−5.9 [−12.8, 1.5], P = 0.12	−5.9 [−15.4, 4.5], P = 0.25	−3.9 [−8.9, 1.4], P = 0.14
Frontal middle R	−0.1 [−6.6, 6.9], P = 0.99	−6.5 [−12.9, 0.4], P = 0.06	−7.9 [−16.7, 1.8], P = 0.11	−2.9 [−7.6, 2.1], P = 0.25
	Braak stage III	Braak stage IV	Braak stage V	Braak stage VI
Amygdala L	−1.9 [−7, 3.4], P = 0.47	−8.7 [−13.4, −3.7], P < 0.001	−9.9 [−15.1, −4.4], P < 0.001	−15.1 [−20.2, −9.8], P < 0.001
Amygdala R	−1.6 [−7, 4], P = 0.56	−7.6 [−12.7, −2.3], P = 0.006	−11 [−16.5, −5.3], P < 0.001	−12.3 [−17.8, −6.4], P < 0.001
Entorhinal cortex L	−1.7 [−8.7, 5.7], P = 0.64	−10.9 [−17.2, −4.1], P = 0.002	−12.5 [−19.4, −4.9], P = 0.002	−18.2 [−24.8, −10.9], P < 0.001
Entorhinal cortex R	0.1 [−6.5, 7.2], P = 0.97	−7.4 [−13.5, −0.8], P = 0.03	−7.3 [−14.1, 0.2], P = 0.06	−13.7 [−20.3, −6.7], P < 0.001
Hippocampus L	−2.1 [−7, 3.1], P = 0.42	−12.2 [−16.6, −7.6], P < 0.001	−11.3 [−16.3, −6], P < 0.001	−17.6 [−22.4, −12.5], P < 0.001
Hippocampus R	−0.7 [−6.2, 5.2], P = 0.81	−9.2 [−14.2, −3.9], P < 0.001	−10.8 [−16.4, −4.9], P < 0.001	−15 [−20.4, −9.2], P < 0.001
Fusiform L	0.1 [−5, 5.5], P = 0.97	−2.5 [−7.5, 2.7], P = 0.34	−4.2 [−9.7, 1.6], P = 0.15	−15.1 [−20.1, −9.9], P < 0.001
Fusiform R	0.1 [−5, 5.5], P = 0.98	−2.2 [−7.2, 3], P = 0.39	−8.2 [−13.4, −2.6], P = 0.004	−16.1 [−21, −10.9], P < 0.001
Insula L	−1 [−5, 3.2], P = 0.65	−3.8 [−7.7, 0.3], P = 0.07	−6.9 [−11.2, −2.5], P = 0.003	−12.7 [−16.7, −8.4], P < 0.001
Insula R	−1.8 [−5.6, 2.2], P = 0.36	−4.3 [−8, −0.4], P = 0.03	−7.6 [−11.7, −3.3], P < 0.001	−10.7 [−14.7, −6.5], P < 0.001
Temporal inferior L	0.1 [−5, 5.5], P = 0.97	−2.2 [−7.3, 3.2], P = 0.41	−4.9 [−10.4, 0.9], P = 0.10	−16.7 [−21.7, −11.5], P < 0.001
Temporal inferior R	0.8 [−4.5, 6.4], P = 0.77	−1.2 [−6.4, 4.3], P = 0.65	−7.7 [−13.2, −1.9], P = 0.010	−16.2 [−21.3, −10.8], P < 0.001
Frontal middle L	−5.2 [−11.9, 2], P = 0.15	−2.9 [−9.8, 4.5], P = 0.43	−3 [−10.7, 5.4], P = 0.47	−9.7 [−17, −1.6], P = 0.02
Frontal middle R	−5.6 [−12, 1.3], P = 0.11	−1.2 [−7.8, 5.9], P = 0.73	−2 [−9.3, 6], P = 0.62	−7.1 [−14.2, 0.7], P = 0.07
	Lewy body stage 1	Lewy body stage 2	Lewy body stage 3	Lewy body stage 4
Amygdala L	1.2 [−5.4, 8.2], P = 0.73	−5.1 [−9.3, −0.7], P = 0.02	−7.5 [−11.1, −3.6], P < 0.001	−1.2 [−6.6, 4.7], P = 0.69
Amygdala R	−0.7 [−7.6, 6.7], P = 0.84	−5.6 [−10, −1], P = 0.02	−4.5 [−8.5, −0.3], P = 0.03	1.2 [−4.8, 7.6], P = 0.70
Entorhinal cortex L	−2.5 [−11.2, 7.2], P = 0.60	−5.3 [−11, 0.7], P = 0.08	−7.9 [−12.9, −2.7], P = 0.004	−2.4 [−9.9, 5.7], P = 0.54
Entorhinal cortex R	−0.1 [−8.4, 8.9], P = 0.98	−4.2 [−9.6, 1.5], P = 0.15	−3 [−7.9, 2.2], P = 0.25	1.8 [−5.5, 9.8], P = 0.63
Hippocampus L	0 [−6.3, 6.7], P = 0.99	−4.9 [−9, −0.6], P = 0.03	−2.7 [−6.5, 1.1], P = 0.16	0.8 [−4.7, 6.6], P = 0.78
Hippocampus R	−3.2 [−10, 4.1], P = 0.38	−6.4 [−10.9, −1.7], P = 0.008	−1 [−5.2, 3.4], P = 0.65	3.5 [−2.9, 10.2], P = 0.29
Fusiform L	−1.6 [−7.9, 5.2], P = 0.64	−5.5 [−9.6, −1.2], P = 0.01	−1.6 [−5.4, 2.4], P = 0.43	5.3 [−0.7, 11.6], P = 0.08
Fusiform R	−1.1 [−7.4, 5.6], P = 0.74	−2.8 [−6.9, 1.6], P = 0.21	−1 [−4.8, 3], P = 0.62	2.2 [−3.5, 8.4], P = 0.45
Insula L	−1.4 [−6.5, 3.9], P = 0.59	−1.1 [−4.5, 2.4], P = 0.53	−0.4 [−3.5, 2.8], P = 0.81	−0.7 [−5.1, 3.9], P = 0.77
Insula R	−2 [−6.8, 3], P = 0.42	−1.4 [−4.6, 2], P = 0.42	1.4 [−1.6, 4.4], P = 0.36	−1.2 [−5.4, 3.2], P = 0.59
Temporal inferior L	1.3 [−5.4, 8.4], P = 0.72	−3.6 [−7.8, 0.8], P = 0.11	0 [−3.9, 4], P = 1.00	−3.4 [−8.9, 2.5], P = 0.25
Temporal inferior R	0.3 [−6.4, 7.5], P = 0.93	−3.9 [−8.2, 0.5], P = 0.08	0.3 [−3.7, 4.5], P = 0.87	0 [−5.7, 6.1], P = 0.99
Frontal middle L	1.8 [−7.4, 12], P = 0.71	1.4 [−4.7, 7.9], P = 0.66	5.4 [−0.3, 11.5], P = 0.06	2.4 [−5.5, 11.1], P = 0.56
Frontal middle R	−5 [−13.1, 4], P = 0.27	−3 [−8.6, 2.8], P = 0.30	0.9 [−4.3, 6.3], P = 0.75	1.8 [−5.6, 9.8], P = 0.64

Results of the robust regressions showing the effect of TDP-43, tau (Braak) and Lewy body stages on grey matter volume. Values represent the percentage of volume change [95% confidence intervals] associated with TDP-43, Braak, and Lewy Body stages compare to TDP-43-negative, Braak Stage 0–II, and Lewy body-negative groups, respectively. Results in bold survived Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05, P < 0.004, 14 models considered). L = left; R = right.