. 2019 Jul 18;37(4):406–413. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;4;00002

Table 2. Prevalence, Odds Ratio/adjusted Odds Ratio and respective 95% confidence intervals of factors associated with active asthma in schoolchildren of the 9th grade, National School Health Survey of 2012.

Characteristics		%	OR (95%CI)	p-value	Adjusted OR (95%CI)	p-value
Socioeconomic/demographic
School	Private	24.8	1.12 (1.07-1.17)	<0.001
School	Public	22.7	1.12 (1.07-1.17)	<0.001
Sex	Female	24.6	1.19 (1.13-1.25)	<0.001	1.17 (1.12-1.22)	<0.001
Sex	Male	21.5	1.19 (1.13-1.25)	<0.001	1.17 (1.12-1.22)	<0.001
Ethnicity	White-Caucasian	23.2	1.01 (0.97-1.03)	0.60
Ethnicity	Others	23.1	1.01 (0.97-1.03)	0.60
Age	≤14 years	23.3	1.04 (1.00-107)	0.046	1.12 (1.08-1.15)	<0.001
Age	>14 years	22.7	1.04 (1.00-107)	0.046	1.12 (1.08-1.15)	<0.001
Living with both parents	Yes	21.9	1.18 (1.15-1.21)	<0.001	1.06 (1.03-1.08)	<0.001
Living with both parents	No	24.9	1.18 (1.15-1.21)	<0.001	1.06 (1.03-1.08)	<0.001
Mother is educated	Yes	23.7	1.10 (1.03-1.16)	<0.001
Mother is educated	No	22.0	1.10 (1.03-1.16)	<0.001
Father is educated	Yes	23.7	1.06 (1.00-1.12)	<0.001
Father is educated	No	22.7	1.06 (1.00-1.12)	<0.001
Eating habits
Intake of fresh food in the past 7 days	<5 days	23.2	1.04 (0.90-1.09)	0.144
Intake of fresh food in the past 7 days	≥5 days	22.6	1.04 (0.90-1.09)	0.144
Intake of ultra-processed food in the past 7 days	>2 days	24.9	1.33 (1.28-1.37)	<0.001	1.16 (1.11-1.19)	<0.001
Intake of ultra-processed food in the past 7 days	≤2 days	20.0	1.33 (1.28-1.37)	<0.001	1.16 (1.11-1.19)	<0.001
Lunch time or dinner time in the presence of parents or guardians in the past week	≤4 days	25.9	1.24 (1.20-1.28)	<0.001	1.13 (1.08-1.16)	<0.001
	>4 days	21.9	1.24 (1.20-1.28)	<0.001	1.13 (1.08-1.16)	<0.001
Meals in front of the TV or while studying	Yes	24.0	1.30 (1.24-1.35)	<0.001	1.18 (1.13-1.22)	<0.001
Meals in front of the TV or while studying	No	19.6	1.30 (1.24-1.35)	<0.001	1.18 (1.13-1.22)	<0.001
Breakfast in the past week	≤4 days	26.5	1.36 (1.32-1.40)	<0.001	1.22 (1.17-1.26)	<0.001
Breakfast in the past week	>4 days	20.9	1.36 (1.32-1.40)	<0.001	1.22 (1.17-1.26)	<0.001
Drug use history
Cigarette	Yes	31.2	1.71 (1.64-1.77)	<0.001	1.36 (1.30-1.41)	<0.001
Cigarette	No	21.0	1.71 (1.64-1.77)	<0.001	1.36 (1.30-1.41)	<0.001
Alcohol	Yes	26.1	1.67 (1.59-1.74)	<0.001	1.37 (1.31-1.44)	<0.001
Alcohol	No	17.0	1.67 (1.59-1.74)	<0.001	1.37 (1.31-1.44)	<0.001
Illicit drugs	Yes	34.4	1.85 (1.76-1.92)	<0.001	1.29 (1.22-1.36)	<0.001
Illicit drugs	No	22.2	1.85 (1.76-1.92)	<0.001	1.29 (1.22-1.36)	<0.001
Health service history
Has sought health care service in the last 12 months	Yes	27.9	1.71 (1.65-1.76)	<0.001	1.67 (1.62-1.72)	<0.001
Has sought health care service in the last 12 months	No	18.5	1.71 (1.65-1.76)	<0.001	1.67 (1.62-1.72)	<0.001

OR: Odds Ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. Final logistic regression model controlled by macro-region and diagnosis of asthma at some point in life.