Table 4. Predictors of the development of hyperchloremic metabolic acidemia.
| Variable | Multivariable analysis | |
|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p -Value | |
| Increasing total volume of 0.9% NaCl (bolus and maintenance) a | 1.13 (1.04,1.23) | 0.004 |
| Maintenance fluid type b | ||
| Chloride rich (0.9% NaCl) | 0.87 (0.36, 2.08) | 0.76 |
| PRISM III score categories | ||
| 0 (0–5 points) | Reference | |
| 1 (6–10 points) | 1.48 (0.83, 2.66) | 0.19 |
| 2 (11–15 points) | 6.43 (2.83, 14.65) | <0.001 |
| 3 (16–20 points) | 3.36 (1.02, 11.02) | 0.05 |
| 4 (>20 points) | 13.19 (4.01, 43.35) | <0.001 |
| Study site c | ||
| Site 1 | 0.60 (0.35, 1.01) | 0.05 |
| Surgical patients d | 1.22 (0.71, 2.09) | 0.47 |
| Age e | ||
| Neonate (0 to <1 mo) | 1.58 (0.18, 14.28) | 0.68 |
| Infant (1 mo to 1 y) | 1.15 (0.54, 2.44) | 0.72 |
| Child (1–12 y) | 0.65 (0.36, 1.18) | 0.16 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval, PRISM III, Pediatric Risk of Mortality III; OR, odds ratio.
a
Per increments of 10 mL/kg.
b
Maintenance fluid type received on pediatric intensive care unit day 1; reference is combined lower chloride containing solutions (lactated Ringer's and hypotonic solutions).
c
Reference is site 2.
d
Reference is medical patients.
e
Reference age group is adolescent (>12 years).