TABLE 3.
Postfortification prevalence of folate insufficiency by demographic group in women 12–49 y, NHANES 2007–2010 compared with 2011–20161
| Matrix | 2007–2010 | 2011–2016 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | n | % | n | % | P value |
| All | 3800 | 23.2 (21.0, 25.4) | 5583 | 18.6 (16.8, 20.6) | 0.0028 |
| Age group, y | |||||
| 12–19 | 1047 | 23.9 (20.0, 28.3) | 1710 | 19.2 (16.4, 22.2) | 0.07 |
| 20–39 | 1735 | 24.2 (21.6, 27.0) | 2460 | 19.0 (17.0, 21.1) | 0.0029 |
| 40–49 | 1018 | 21.0 (16.8, 25.8) | 1413 | 17.7 (14.8, 21.2) | 0.24 |
| Race–Hispanic origin2 | |||||
| Hispanic | 1301 | 22.7 (19.6, 26.2) | 1613 | 17.0 (15.1, 18.8) | 0.0017 |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | NA | 740 | 21.3 (18.5, 24.3) | NA | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 758 | 39.0 (36.0, 42.1) | 1298 | 33.8 (30.7, 37.1) | 0.0223 |
| Non-Hispanic white | 1529 | 18.8 (16.2, 21.8) | 1694 | 15.6 (13.2, 18.2) | 0.09 |
| Supplement use3 | |||||
| Yes | 869 | 9.55 (7.42, 12.2) | 908 | 9.69 (7.40, 12.6) | 0.94 |
| No | 2909 | 28.8 (26.1, 31.6) | 2820 | 23.8 (21.2, 26.5) | 0.0089 |
1
Values are weighted percentage RBC folate concentrations <748 nmol/L (95% CI). The RBC folate data were generated by microbiologic assay. NA, not applicable because no data are available for non-Hispanic Asians prior to 2011.
2
Persons of other non-Hispanic races are not shown but were included in overall estimates.
3
Use of folic acid–containing dietary supplements. Data are limited to 2011–2014 because information on dietary supplement use is not yet available for 2015–2016.