FIGURE 5.

Effect of C. racemosa, O. obtusiloba and K. alvarezii crude extracts on infectivity of CHIKV. To assess potential virucidal activity, we incubated stock CHIKV [CHIKV (106 PFU/mL) at MOI of 0.1] directly with each compound separately at different concentrations for 1 h or with vehicle/DMEM, after which we determined virus titers by standard plaque assays in Vero cells. Experiments were performed independently in triplicate with duplicate plate assays. Error bars indicate the standard deviation and experiments were performed in triplicate. ^∗p < 0.05; ^∗∗p < 0.01 in Dunnett test vs. control (Ribavirin). DMSO used as solvent remained at the final concentration of 0.01%, showing no virucidal activity on CHIKV.