Table 3.
Two-year follow-up: comparison of neurological findings among participants pre vs. post-surgery
| Normal before surgerya | Normal after surgery | Improvement after surgeryb | No change in abnormal findingb | Worsening after surgeryc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strength | |||||
| Deltoids | 15/19 (78.9%) | 18/19 (94.7%) | 4/4 (100%) | 0 | 1/15 (6.7%) |
| Biceps | 15/19 (78.9%) | 18/19 (94.7%) | 4/4 (100%) | 0 | 1/15 (6.7%) |
| Triceps | 12/19 (63.2%) | 17/19 (89.5%) | 7/7 (100%) | 0 | 2/12 (16.7%) |
| Grips | 13/19 (68.4%) | 17/19 (89.5%) | 6/6 (100%) | 0 | 2/13 (15.4%) |
| Quads | 11/19 (57.9%) | 16/19 (84.2%) | 7/8 (87.5%) | 1/8 (12.5%) | 2/11 (18.2%) |
| Hamstrings | 12/19 (63.2%) | 15/19 (78.9%) | 6/7 (85.7%) | 1/7 (14.3%) | 2/12 (16.7%) |
| Iliopsoas | 10/19 (52.6%) | 16/19 (84.2%) | 9/9 (100%) | 0 | 2/10 (20.0%) |
| Reflexes | |||||
| Biceps | 12/18 (66.7%) | 14/18 (77.8%) | 4/6 (66.7%) | 2/6 (33.3%) | 2/12 (16.7%) |
| Triceps | 13/18 (72.2%) | 12/18 (66.7%) | 2/5 (40.0%) | 3/5 (60.0%) | 3/13 (23.1%) |
| Patella | 10/18 (55.5%) | 12/18 (66.7%) | 5/8 (62.5%) | 3/8 (37.5%) | 3/10 (30.0%) |
| Achilles | 12/18 (66.7%) | 12/18 (66.7%) | 4/6 (66.7%) | 2/6 (33.3%) | 3/12 (25.0%) |
| Other | |||||
| Heel to toe | 10/15 (66.7%) | 13/15 (86.7%) | 4/5 (80.0%) | 1/5 (20.0%) | 1/10 (10.0%) |
| Finger to nose | 14/14 (100.0%) | 14/14 (100.0%) | NA | NA | 0 |
| Rapid alternating movements | 13/13 (100.0%) | 12/13 (92.3%) | NA | NA | 1/13 (7.7%) |
| Romberg | 13/16 (81.3%) | 14/16 (87.5%) | 2/3 (66.7%) | 1/3 (33.3%) | 1/13 (7.7%) |
| Sensation to vibration | 10/10 (100%) | 10/10 (100%) | 0 | NA | 0 |
| Sensation to pinprick | 7/16 (43.8%) | 9/16 (56.25%) | 5/9 (55.6%) | 4/9 (44.4%) | 3/7 (42.9%) |
| Absence of tremor | 19/19 (100%) | 16/19 (84.2%) | NA | NA | 3/19 (15.8%) |
aSome participants did not have completed documentation for certain pre-op findings
bParticipants who had abnormal finding prior to surgery
cParticipants who had normal finding prior to surgery and developed abnormal findings s/p surgery