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. 2019 Oct 30;9:15570. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51759-9

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Event-related potential results – differences between “familiar” and “unfamiliar” snippets in the main, but not control, group. (A) Time-domain ERPs for the left-parietal cluster (top row) and right frontotemporal cluster (bottom row), separately for the main (left column) and control (right column) group. Solid lines represent mean data (averaged across channels and dyads) for familiar (blue) and unfamiliar (red) songs (note that this labelling only applies to the ‘main’ group; both songs were unfamiliar to the control listeners). Significant differences between conditions, as obtained via cluster-based permutation tests, are indicated by grey boxes. Note that the shaded areas reflect standard error of the mean for each condition, whilst the reported statistics are conducted as a repeated measures analysis. (B) Topographical maps of the “familiar” and “unfamiliar” ERP responses (computed from 350 to 750 ms) as well as their difference, separately for the main (left column) and control (right column) group. Black and white dots indicate electrodes belonging to the left-parietal and right frontotemporal cluster, respectively. (C) Mean ERP amplitude differences. The main group, but not the control group, showed significantly larger responses to unfamiliar song snippets, at both the left-parietal and the right frontotemporal clusters. Error bars represent standard error of the mean, dots represent mean response differences (across participants) to each song (8 “familiar” and 8 matched “unfamiliar” songs). In the main group, each dot reflects data from a single subject. In the control group, each dot reflects the average across the 12 members of the control group.