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. 2019 Oct 24;10:755. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00755

Table 1.

Effects of polymorphisms in the dopamine receptor D2 gene on the maximal response to 125 mg MDMA (mean ± SD (N) and statistics) corrected with MDMA AUC6 (exclusive plasma concentrations).

DRD2/ANKK1 rs1800497 AA AG GG F p value p valuea η2
N 2 46 101
Female, N [%] 1 (50) 30 [65] 45 [45]
Drug experience, N [%] 2 (100) 17 [37] 36 [36]
MDMA plasma concentration Cmax, ng/ml 236 ± 76 (2) 239 ± 47 (46) 223 ± 49 (101) 1.71 NS NS 0.023
MDMA plasma concentration AUC6, ng*h/ml 964 ± 235 (2) 994 ± 199 (46) 944 ± 205 (101) 0.97 NS NS 0.013
Visual Analog Scale rating ΔEmax
Any drug effect 84 ± 18 (2) 77 ± 23 (46) 70 ± 28 (101) 0.74 NS NS 0.008
Good drug effect 94 ± 9 (2) 78 ± 26 (46) 70 ± 30 (101) 1.31 NS NS 0.016
Bad drug effect 24 ± 35 (2) 21 ± 25 (46) 14 ± 24 (101) 1.14 NS NS 0.015
Drug liking 96 ± 6 (2) 78 ± 28 (46) 72 ± 29 (101) 1.03 NS NS 0.013
Stimulated 91 ± 13 (2) 68 ± 32 (46) 59 ± 35 (101) 1.44 NS NS 0.018
High mood 96 ± 6 (2) 73 ± 30 (46) 66 ± 34 (101) 0.98 NS NS 0.012
Concentration 28 ± 31 (2) 6.2 ± 14 (46) 9.2 ± 16 (101) 2.09 NS NS 0.028
Talkative 48 ± 4 (2) 18 ± 20 (46) 22 ± 18 (101) 3.12 0.047* NS 0.040
Appetite 7.5 ± 9.2 (2) -5.3 ± 39 (23) -8.9 ± 27 (47) 0.43 NS NS 0.012
Tired 24 ± 8 (2) 19 ± 34 (33) 20 ± 32 (74) 0.07 NS NS 0.001
Fear 7.0 ± 9.9 (2) 7.3 ± 15 (31) 5.9 ± 17 (64) 0.06 NS NS 0.001
Happy 50 (1) 26 ± 19 (32) 27 ± 19 (73) 0.63 NS NS 0.011
Want to be hugged NA (0) 13 ± 18 (23) 13 ± 19 (54) 0.12 NS NS 0.001
Want to hug NA (0) 14 ± 17 (23) 13 ± 18 (54) 0.02 NS NS 0.000
Vital signs parameters ΔEmax
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg 21 ± 31 (2) 25 ± 11 (46) 23 ± 13 (101) 0.32 NS NS 0.004
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg 13 ± 11 (2) 15 ± 10 (46) 13 ± 9 (101) 0.78 NS NS 0.010
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg 14 ± 22 (2) 19 ± 10 (46) 16 ± 9 (101) 0.91 NS NS 0.011
Heat rate beat/min 31 ± 33 (2) 20 ± 15 (46) 16 ± 13 (101) 2.07 NS NS 0.027
Rate pressure product, mmHg/min 6,343 ± 6,658 (2) 4,967 ± 2,855 (46) 4,203 ± 2,776 (101) 1.26 NS NS 0.017
Body temperature, °C 0.5 ± 0.1 (2) 0.2 ± 0.4 (46) 0.2 ± 0.5 (101) 0.34 NS NS 0.005
Adjective Mood Rating Scale rating ΔEmax
Activity 10 ± 8 (2) 2.1 ± 4.2 (46) 2.4 ± 5.3 (101) 2.40 0.09 NS 0.032
High mood 7.5 ± 0.7 (2) 2.2 ± 2.8 (46) 3.0 ± 3.2 (101) 3.49 0.033* NS 0.046
Fear/depression -1.5 ± 2.1 (2) 1.2 ± 3.3 (46) 1.2 ± 3.4 (101) 0.63 NS NS 0.009
DRD2 rs6277 AA AG GG F p value p valuea η2
N 50 73 26
Female, N [%] 25 [50] 39 [53] 12 [46]
Drug experience, N [%] 18 [36] 29 [40] 8 [31]
MDMA plasma concentration Cmax, ng/ml 225 ± 52 (50) 233 ± 47 (73) 221 ± 47 (26) 0.70 NS NS 0.009
MDMA plasma concentration AUC6, ng*h/ml 949 ± 213 (50) 974 ± 203 (73) 939 ± 186 (26) 0.38 NS NS 0.005
Visual Analog Scale rating ΔEmax
Any drug effect 70 ± 31 (50) 73 ± 25 (73) 77 ± 21 (26) 0.95 NS NS 0.011
Good drug effect 72 ± 31 (50) 74 ± 26 (73) 71 ± 31 (26) 0.04 NS NS 0.000
Bad drug effect 11 ± 21 (50) 16 ± 24 (73) 25 ± 30 (26) 3.42 0.036* NS 0.043
Drug liking 74 ± 30 (50) 74 ± 26 (73) 73 ± 34 (26) 0.01 NS NS 0.000
Stimulated 57 ± 37 (50) 63 ± 33 (73) 71 ± 32 (26) 1.63 NS NS 0.020
High mood 67 ± 33 (50) 70 ± 32 (73) 67 ± 36 (26) 0.09 NS NS 0.001
Concentration 10 ± 16 (50) 6.3 ± 15 (73) 12 ± 18 (26) 1.59 NS NS 0.021
Talkative 22 ± 18 (50) 20 ± 19 (73) 22 ± 20 (26) 0.25 NS NS 0.003
Appetite -17 ± 32 (26) -0.8 ± 30 (35) -4.5 ± 25 (11) 2.26 NS NS 0.061
Tired 23 ± 33 (36) 20 ± 33 (55) 14 ± 29 (18) 0.44 NS NS 0.008
Fear 4.5 ± 10 (35) 5.7 ± 14 (47) 13 ± 29 (15) 1.64 NS NS 0.034
Happy 29 ± 18 (32) 26 ± 20 (53) 27 ± 18 (21) 0.30 NS NS 0.005
Want to be hugged 13 ± 18 (24) 13 ± 19 (38) 12 ± 17 (15) 0.08 NS NS 0.002
Want to hug 12 ± 17 (24) 14 ± 19 (38) 13 ± 16 (15) 0.01 NS NS 0.000
Vital signs parameters ΔEmax
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg 24 ± 13 (50) 23 ± 13 (73) 24 ± 11 (26) 0.10 NS NS 0.001
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg 13 ± 9 (50) 14 ± 8 (73) 14 ± 13 (26) 0.08 NS NS 0.001
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg 17 ± 10 (50) 17 ± 9 (73) 18 ± 11 (26) 0.16 NS NS 0.002
Heat rate beat/min 19 ± 14 (50) 16 ± 15 (73) 20 ± 14 (26) 1.57 NS NS 0.021
Rate pressure product, mmHg/min 4,635 ± 2,630 (50) 4,211 ± 3,111 (73) 4,867 ± 2,541 (26) 0.85 NS NS 0.011
Body temperature, °C 0.3 ± 0.6 (50) 0.2 ± 0.5 (73) 0.2 ± 0.4 (26) 0.42 NS NS 0.006
Adjective Mood Rating Scale rating ΔEmax
Activity 2.6 ± 5.7 (50) 2.2 ± 4.9 (73) 2.7 ± 4.5 (26) 0.15 NS NS 0.002
High mood 3.1 ± 3.2 (50) 2.9 ± 3.2 (73) 2.1 ± 3.0 (26) 0.84 NS NS 0.012
Fear/depression 0.7 ± 3 (50) 1.3 ± 3.1 (73) 1.5 ± 4.5 (26) 0.79 NS NS 0.011
DRD2 rs1079597 CC CT TT F p value p valuea η2
N 111 37 1
Female, N [%] 53 [48] 22 [59] 1 [100]
Drug experience, N [%] 40 [36] 14 [38] 1 [100]
MDMA plasma concentration Cmax, ng/ml 226 ± 49 (111) 234 ± 49 (37) 290 (1) 1.19 NS NS 0.016
MDMA plasma concentration AUC6, ng*h/ml 949 ± 202 (111) 985 ± 208 (37) 1130 (1) 0.78 NS NS 0.011
Visual Analog Scale rating ΔEmax
Any drug effect 71 ± 28 (111) 76 ± 21 (37) 96 (1) 0.44 NS NS 0.005
Good drug effect 71 ± 30 (111) 76 ± 25 (37) 100 (1) 0.44 NS NS 0.006
Bad drug effect 13 ± 24 (111) 25 ± 26 (37) 0 (1) 3.09 0.049* NS 0.039
Drug liking 73 ± 29 (111) 77 ± 28 (37) 100 (1) 0.40 NS NS 0.005
Stimulated 59 ± 35 (111) 71 ± 31 (37) 100 (1) 1.64 NS NS 0.020
High mood 68 ± 33 (111) 70 ± 32 (37) 100 (1) 0.28 NS NS 0.004
Concentration 8.9 ± 16 (111) 6.3 ± 15 (37) 50 (1) 3.92 0.022* NS 0.051
Talkative 22 ± 18 (111) 19 ± 21 (37) 50 (1) 1.58 NS NS 0.020
Appetite -11 ± 29 (53) 2.4 ± 35 (18) 1.0 (1) 1.35 NS NS 0.037
Tired 21 ± 32 (80) 18 ± 34 (28) 30 (1) 0.14 NS NS 0.002
Fear 5.5 ± 16 (73) 9.5 ± 17 (23) 0 (1) 0.61 NS NS 0.013
Happy 27 ± 19 (78) 26 ± 19 (27) 50 (1) 0.62 NS NS 0.011
Want to be hugged 13 ± 18 (58) 14 ± 19 (19) NA (0) 0.01 NS NS 0.000
Want to hug 13 ± 18 (58) 15 ± 18 (19) NA (0) 0.03 NS NS 0.000
Vital signs parameters ΔEmax
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg 23 ± 13 (111) 26 ± 11 (37) 43 (1) 1.52 NS NS 0.019
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg 13 ± 9 (111) 15 ± 11 (37) 20 (1) 0.65 NS NS 0.008
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg 16 ± 9 (111) 19 ± 10 (37) 29 (1) 1.33 NS NS 0.017
Heat rate beat/min 16 ± 14 (111) 20 ± 14 (37) 54 (1) 3.89 0.023* NS 0.050
Rate pressure product, mmHg/min 4,240 ± 2,838 (111) 4,972 ± 2,700 (37) 11,050 (1) 3.24 0.042* NS 0.041
Body temperature, °C 0.2 ± 0.5 (111) 0.3 ± 0.4 (37) 0.6 (1) 0.65 NS NS 0.009
Adjective Mood Rating Scale rating ΔEmax
Activity 2.4 ± 5.3 (111) 2.0 ± 3.9 (37) 16 (1) 3.74 0.026* NS 0.049
High mood 3 ± 3.2 (111) 2.3 ± 2.8 (37) 8.0 (1) 1.92 NS NS 0.026
Fear/depression 1.1 ± 3.2 (111) 1.2 ± 3.7 (37) 0 (1) 0.07 NS NS 0.001

N, number of subjects; SD, standard deviation; NS, not significant; Δ, values are change scores from placebo; ap value additionally corrected for multiple comparisons according to the Nyholt method; η2, eta square; *, uncorrected p < 0.05.