Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants.
| Control | Early HIV | Chronic HIV | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | (% or IQR) | n | (% or IQR) | n | (% or IQR) | ||
| Sex | Male | 14 | (100.0) | 8 | (100.0) | 8 | (100.0) |
| Ethnicity | White British | 8 | (57.1) | 3 | (37.5) | 2 | (25.0) |
| White Other | 5 | (35.7) | 5 | (62.5) | 5 | (62.5) | |
| Black British | 1 | (7.2) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (12.5) | |
| Age years | 37 | (29–49) | 48 | (42–58) | 50 | (38–55) | |
| CD4 count at vaccination, cells/µl | — | — | 789 | (665–1033) | 609 | (454–931) | |
| CD8 count at vaccination, cells/µl | — | — | 720 | (558–1034) | 686 | (477–1350) | |
| CD4:CD8 ratio | — | — | 1 | (0.9–1.4) | 0.85 | (0.6–1.2) | |
| Nadir CD4 count | — | — | 522 | (466–734) | 170 | (80–410) | |
| HIV viral load at vaccination <20 RNA copies/ml | — | — | 8 | (100.0) | 8 | (100.0) | |
| Duration since HIV viral load <50 RNA copies/ml (months) | — | — | 19 | (6.8–26.5) | 90 | (53.0–159.0) | |
| Self-reported influenza vaccination in last 3 years | 9 | (64.3) | 4 | (50.0) | 4 | (50.0) | |
| Flu-like illness 2017–18 | 1 | (7.1) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (12.5.0) | |
| Ever smoker | 4 | (28.6) | 2 | (25.0) | 4 | (50.0) | |
| Recreational drug use (ever) | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (25.0) | 2 | (25.0) | |
| Alcohol | None | 1 | (7.1) | 1 | (12.5) | 3 | (37.5) |
| <5 units/week | 2 | (14.3) | 2 | (25.0) | 0 | (0.0) | |
| 6–14 units/week | 7 | (50.0) | 2 | (25.0) | 2 | (25.0) | |
| >14 units/ week | 4 | (28.6) | 3 | (37.5) | 3 | (37.5) | |
| Hepatitis B | surface antigen positive | NA | NA | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) |
| core antibody positive | NA | NA | 1 | (12.5) | 3 | (37.5) | |
| Hepatitis C | IgG positive | NA | NA | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (12.5) |