FIG 4.

Overexpression of SeMALT, SeAGT1, and SeMALS genes in a maltose-negative background S. cerevisiae strain. Maltose-negative background strain IMZ616 (X), IMX1365 overexpressing ScMAL11 (▼), IMX1702 overexpressing SeMALT1 (⧫), IMX1704 overexpressing SeMALT2 (↓), IMX1706 overexpressing SeMALT3 (●), and IMX1708 overexpressing SeAGT1 (☐) were grown on SM with 2% maltose or maltotriose at 20°C. It is worth mentioning that the symbols corresponding to the strains IMZ616, IMX1704, and IMX1708 are highly overlapping and therefore might be difficult to visualize. Growth on maltose (A) and on maltotriose (B) was monitored based on optical density (OD₆₆₀), and concentrations of maltose and maltotriose in culture supernatants were measured by HPLC. Data are presented as averages and standard deviations of two biological replicates. (C) IMX1313 overexpressing only ScMAL31 (○), IMZ752 overexpressing ScMAL31 and SeMALS1 (▵), and IMZ753 overexpressing ScMAL31 and SeMALS2 (∇) grown on SM with 2% maltose. Growth was monitored based on optical density measurement at 660 nm (OD₆₆₀), and maltose in culture supernatants was measured by HPLC. Data represent averages and standard deviations of two biological replicates.