Table 3.
Baseline variables.
| Demographic details | All patients(N = 171) | No history of involuntary treatment (n = 113) | 2 years before ACCESS history of involuntary treatment (n = 58) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 42.31 (13.36) | 40.49 (12.70) | 45.86 (14.01) | .012* |
| Sex, n (%), male | 73 (42.7) | 45 (39.8) | 28 (48.3) | .329 |
| Partnership, n (%), single | 115 (67.3) | 78 (69.0) | 37 (63.8) | .304 |
| Education years, mean (SD) | 11.08 (1.80) | 11.21 (1.83) | 10.81 (1.74) | .168 |
| Completed professional education, n (%) | 110 (64.3) | 76 (67.3) | 34 (58.6) | .321 |
| Employment/occupation, n (%) | 30 (17.5) | 23 (20.4) | 7 (12.1) | .207 |
| Living independently, n (%) | 154 (90.1) | 100 (88.5) | 54 (93.1) | .426 |
| Illness details | ||||
| First episode psychosis, n (%) | 26 (15.2) | 21 (18.6) | 5 (8.6) | .115 |
| Affective psychosis, n (%) | 52 (30.4) | 31 (27.4) | 21 (36.2) | .292 |
| Comorbid psychiatric disorder at entry, n (%) | 156 (91.2) | 102 (90.3) | 54 (93.1) | .776 |
| Substance use disorder (SUD) lifetime, n (%) | 117 (68.4) | 72 (63.7) | 45 (77.6) | .082 |
| Other comorbid disorder lifetime, n (%) | 132 (77.2) | 88 (77.9) | 44 (75.9) | .848 |
| Comorbid somatic disorders at entry, n (%) | 138 (80.7) | 91 (80.5) | 47 (81.0) | 1.00 |
| Family history of psychiatric disordera | ||||
| Any psychiatric disorder, n (%) | 89 (52.0) | 60 (53.6) | 29 (52.7) | 1.00 |
| Psychotic disorder, n (%) | 43 (25.1) | 30 (26.8) | 13 (23.6) | .710 |
| Insight into illness before IC, n (%) | 106 (62.0) | 72 (64.3) | 34 (58.6) | .507 |
| Suicide attempts in the past, n (%) | 68 (39.8) | 44 (38.9) | 24 (41.4) | .869 |
| Suicidal thoughts at entry, n (%) | 67 (39.2) | 43 (38.1) | 24 (41.4) | .741 |
| Forensic history, n (%) | 13 (7.6) | 9 (8.0) | 4 (7.1) | 1.00 |
| Traumatic adversities | ||||
| Any traumatic adversity in the past, n (%) | 118 (69.0) | 80 (70.8) | 38 (67.9) | .724 |
| Traumatic adversities before age 18, n (%) | 96 (56.1) | 62 (54.9) | 34 (58.6) | .745 |
| Duration of untreated illness | ||||
| DUP, median in weeks (quartiles) | 21.86 (8.57; 56.64) | 24.79 (8.43; 55.36) | 21.57 (8.65; 104.29) | .719 |
| DUP, week mean (SD) | 57.97 (82.43) | 56.34 (80.66) | 61.18 (86.44) | |
| DUI, week mean (SD) | 212.94 (211.84) | 231.61 (261.53) | 176.27 (199.09) | .109 |
| DUI, median in weeks (quartiles) | 152.14 (52.21; 280.50) | 162.57 (53.07; 329.21)) | 104.43 (52.14; 230.36) | |
| Full adherence with last medication, n (%) | 31 (18.1) | 26 (24.3) | 5 (8.6) | .020* |
| Baseline scores of assessment scales | ||||
| BPRS total score, mean (SD) | 79.71 (19.37) | 77.48 (18.50) | 84.07 (20.44) | .035* |
| CGI-S-score, mean (SD) | 5.79 (0.90) | 5.76 (0.86) | 5.84 (0.95) | .561 |
| GAF-score, mean (SD) | 36.16 (11.24) | 36.57 (10.88) | 35.36 (11.96) | .509 |
| Q-LES-Q-18-score, mean (SD) | 2.26 (0.66) | 2.27 (0.68) | 2.25 (0.62) | .881 |
| CSQ-8 P-score, mean (SD) | 2.78 (0.59) | 2.78 (0.59) | 2.80 (0.60) | .818 |
DUP, duration untreated psychosis; DUI, duration untreated illness; BPRS, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; CGI-S, Clinical Global Impression scale—Severity score; GAF, Global Assessment of Functioning scale; CSQ-8 P, Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (patient version); Q-LES-Q-18, Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire. aFirst and second-degree relatives. *p < .05.