Zillich 2013.

Trial name or title
Methods	Country: USA (Connecticut and Washington) Design: Randomised controlled trial Study objective: The study aims to estimate and compare the effectiveness of 2 interventions (academic detailing and mailed materials) for engaging community pharmacy personnel (pharmacists and pharmacy technicians) in applying the Ask‐Advise‐Refer method to generate referrals to the tobacco quitline Method of analysis: The monthly numbers and percentages of quitline calls from callers who report hearing about the quitline from a pharmacy between the baseline and 12‐month follow‐up will be tested for statistical significance using generalised linear regression modelling with the numbers and percentages regressed on study period and state (Connecticut or Washington); The number of quitline callers who register for cessation counselling, the total number of quitline cards distributed, and the number of calls per 100 cards distributed at each pharmacy will be compared and analysed at the pharmacy level; comparisons between study conditions will be made using generalised linear regression models with the outcome regressed on the study condition variable, state, and pharmacy type Clustering adjustments made: None reported
Participants	Intended to randomise: n = 32 pharmacies for each arm (n = 64 pharmacies in total) Age: Not specified Gender: Not specified Inclusion criteria: Licensed pharmacies were identified from a list obtained from the Connecticut and Washington State Boards of Pharmacy Exclusion criteria: Pharmacies that were not community‐based (e.g. not hospital, mail order, or clinic‐based pharmacies)
Interventions	Setting: Pharmacies in Connecticut and Washington Intervention description: Both mailed (control) and academic detailing interventions advocated for implementation of the Ask‐Advise‐Referstrategy; academic detailing interventions were provided on‐site by an experienced pharmacist; the detailer assessed current cessation activities, determined knowledge of quitlines, and identified barriers and/or facilitators to cessation‐related activities; videos were used to demonstrate the Ask‐Advise‐Refer model for tobacco cessation; The other intervention materials were selectively introduced, at the detailer’s discretion, to facilitate incorporation of Ask‐Advise‐Refer into routine pharmacy practice; The detailer concluded the session by answering questions and offering to assist with placement of the materials in the pharmacy Control description: Mailed paper‐based quitline materials (videos not included) Duration of intervention: 1 training session
Outcomes	Prespecified outcomes: The primary study outcomes include (1) between‐group comparisons of the total number of quitline registrants referred from the 64 study pharmacies during the intervention period and (2) changes in the number of quitline registrants referred from all pharmacies in Connecticut and Washington during the baseline monitoring period versus the intervention period; Secondary outcomes include (1) the number of quitline cards and brochures distributed to participants (assessed by on‐site card and brochure counts by study personnel at 3 and 6 months) and (2) changes in self‐reported cessation counselling and referral behaviour (measured by written surveys completed by participating pharmacists and pharmacy technicians at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months) Follow‐up period: 3 and 6 months
Starting date
Contact information	Karen Suchanek Hudmon: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University College of Pharmacy, 1001 W. 10th Street – W7555 Myers, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, 521 Parnassus Ave, C‐152, Box 0622, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA: khudmon@purdue.edu; Tel.: +1 317 613 2315x311; fax: +1 317 613 2316
Notes	Funding: "Funded by the National Cancer Institute grant R01 CA 129312 to K Hudmon. A portion of Dr. Zillich’s time was supported by a Career Development award RCD 06‐304‐1 from the Department of Veterans Affairs, Health Services Research and Development." Declarations of interest: not reported

ITT: intention‐to‐treat; NRT: nicotine replacement therapy