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. 2019 Oct 11;39(10):BSR20192117. doi: 10.1042/BSR20192117

Figure 5. Gamma-linolenic acid, DGLA, and AA from linoleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid and DHA.

Figure 5

Dietary essential fatty acids’ (LA and ALA) metabolism. LA = Linoleic acid; GLA = Gamma-linolenic acid; DGLA = Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid; AA = Arachidonic acid; ALA = Alpha-linolenic acid; EPA = Eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA = Docosahexaenoic acid; PGs = Prostaglandins; LTs = Leukotrienes; TXs = Thromboxanes; LXA4 = Lipoxin A4. It may be noted here that PGs and TXs of three series and LTs of five series formed from EPA are less pro-inflammatory compared with two series PGs and TXs and four series LTs formed from AA. LXA4, resolvins, protectins, and maresins can inhibit formation of pro-inflammatory PGs, TXs and LTs.