Table 1.
Suspected Meningitis Cases, Received Specimens, and Case Confirmation Results in Chad, 2010–2018
| Year | No. of Suspected Cases | No. of Specimens Received, (%)a | No. of Specimens Positive for Nm, Hi, or Sp (%; 95% CI)b | No. Specimens Negative for Nm, Hi, or Sp (%; 95% CI)b | No. of Specimens Inconclusive,c (%, 95% CI)b | No. of Specimens with no data,d (%, 95% CI)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-MACV | 12813 | 876 (6.8) | 294 (33.6; 30.5–36.8) | 316 (36.1; 32.9–39.4) | 111 (12.7; 10.6–15.1) | 155 (17.7; 15.2–20.4) |
| 2010 | 3058 | 143 (4.7) | 45 (31.5; 24.0–39.8) | 71 (49.7; 41.2–58.2) | 15 (10.5; 6.0–16.7) | 12 (8.4; 4.4–14.2) |
| 2011 | 5960 | 391 (6.6) | 107 (27.4; 23.0–32.1) | 139 (35.5; 30.8–40.5) | 33 (8.4; 5.8–11.6) | 112 (28.6; 24.2–33.4) |
| 2012 | 3795 | 342 (9.0) | 142 (41.5; 36.2–46.9) | 106 (31.0; 26.1–36.2) | 63 (18.4; 14.4–22.9) | 31 (9.1; 6.3–12.7) |
| Post-MACV | ||||||
| Pre-MenAfriNet | 681 | 316 (46.4) | 88 (27.8; 22.9–33.1) | 177 (56.0; 50.3–61.6) | 48 (15.2; 11.4–19.6) | 3 (0.9; .2–2.7) |
| 2013 | 242 | 141 (58.3) | 42 (29.8; 22.4–38.1) | 69 (48.9; 40.4–57.5) | 28 (19.9; 13.7–27.4) | 2 (1.4; .2–5.0) |
| 2014 | 214 | 96 (44.9) | 28 (29.2; 20.4–39.4) | 55 (57.3; 46.8–67.3) | 12 (12.5; 6.6–20.8) | 1 (1.0; .0–5.6) |
| 2015 | 225 | 79 (35.1) | 18 (22.8; 14.1–33.6) | 53 (67.1; 55.6–77.5) | 8 (10.1; 4.4–19.0) | 0 (0.0; .0–4.6) |
| Post-MenAfriNete | 995 | 787 (79.1) | 261 (33.2; 29.9–36.6) | 453 (57.6; 54.1–61.1) | 59 (7.5; 5.8–9.6) | 14 (1.8; 1.0–3.0) |
| 2016 | 206 | 114 (55.3) | 38 (33.3; 24.7–42.7) | 65 (57.0; 47.4–66.2) | 9 (7.9; 3.7–14.5) | 2 (1.8; .3–6.2) |
| 2017 | 454 | 396 (87.2) | 121 (30.6; 26.1–35.4) | 242 (61.1; 56.1–65.9) | 31 (7.8; 5.4–10.9) | 2 (0.5; .1–1.8) |
| 2018f | 335 | 277 (82.7) | 102 (36.8; 31.1–42.8) | 146 (52.7; 46.6–58.7) | 19 (6.9; 4.2–10.5) | 10 (3.6; 1.7–6.5) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; Hi, Haemophilus influenzae; Nm, Neisseria meningitidis; MACV, meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine; MenAfriNet, Meningitis Africa Network; Sp, Streptococcus pneumoniae.
aPercentages are calculated using the number of suspected cases as the denominator.
bPercentages are calculated using the number of specimens received as the denominator.
cInconclusive results include the final interpretations contaminated and undetermined. Contamination is the final interpretation when the cultured specimen is too contaminated to isolate bacterial meningitis pathogens.
dIf a test was not performed, the results were categorized as no data, which include in progress, not tested, or no information given.
eMenAfriNet was not introduced in Chad until April 2016.
fWeeks 1–28.