Table 1. Summary of randomized control trials (RCTs) discussed in our review.

GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; BMI: body mass index; PCOS: polycystic ovarian syndrome

Authors	Year of study	Population	Incidence of GDM (%)
			Study group	Placebo group
Matarrelli et al. [10]	2013	At risk for GDM	6	71
Santamaria et al. [11]	2015	Overweight (BMI between ≥ 25 and < 30 kg/m2)	11.6	27.4
Facchinetti F et al. [12]	2013	Overweight (BMI of >27 kg/m2)	19.4	40.0
D’Anna et al. [13]	2015	Obese (BMI of >30kg/m2)	14	33.6
D’Anna et al. [14]	2013	Family history of diabetes	6	15.3
Farren et al. [8]	2017	Family history of diabetes (combination therapy of myo-Ins and D-Chiro-Ins)	23.3	18.3
D’Anna et al. [15]	2012	PCOS	17.4	54