TABLE 5.
Moderated mediation analysis – instrumental as moderates the direct and indirect relationship between ethical leadership and knowledge hiding (PROCESS model 8, 95% CI).
| Bootstrapped CI 95% | |||||||
| B | SE | T | P | LL | UL | R2 | |
| Model 1: mediator variable model | Outcome: relational social capital | ||||||
| Ethical leadership | 0.93 | 0.23 | 4.10 | 0.00 | 0.49 | 1.38 | 0.20 |
| Instrumental thinking | 0.77 | 0.21 | 3.58 | 0.00 | 0.34 | 1.19 | |
| Ethical leadership × Instrumental thinking | –0.15 | 0.06 | –2.58 | 0.01 | –0.27 | –0.04 | |
| The conditional direct effect of ethical leadership on relational social capital | |||||||
| Instrumental thinking (−1 SD) | 0.58 | 0.11 | 5.51 | 0.00 | 0.37 | 0.74 | |
| Instrumental thinking (+1 SD) | 0.23 | 0.09 | 2.61 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.40 | |
| Model 2: outcome variable model | Outcome: knowledge hiding | ||||||
| Ethical leadership | –0.74 | 0.19 | –3.84 | 0.00 | –1.12 | –0.36 | 0.17 |
| Relational social capital | –0.15 | 0.05 | –2.91 | 0.00 | –0.26 | –0.05 | |
| Instrumental thinking | –0.63 | 0.18 | –3.49 | 0.00 | –0.98 | –0.27 | |
| Ethical leadership × Instrumental thinking | 0.15 | 0.05 | 3.13 | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.25 | |
| The conditional direct effect of ethical leadership on knowledge hiding | |||||||
| Instrumental thinking (−1 SD) | –0.36 | 0.09 | –4.20 | 0.00 | –0.52 | –0.21 | |
| Instrumental thinking (+1 SD) | –0.03 | 0.07 | –0.39 | 0.70 | –0.17 | 0.11 | |
| Bootstrapping results for the indirect effect (via relational social capital) | |||||||
| Index of moderated mediation | 0.023 | 0.01 | 0.001 | 0.06 | |||
| The conditional indirect effect of ethical leadership on knowledge hiding (via relational capital) | |||||||
| Instrumental thinking (−1 SD) | –0.09 | 0.04 | –0.17 | –0.02 | |||
| Instrumental thinking (+1 SD) | –0.03 | 0.02 | –0.09 | 0.001 | |||
N = 245. B = Unstandardized regression coefficients. Bootstrap sample size = 5000. LL = Lower limit. CI = Confidence interval. UL = Upper limit.