Loerch 1999

Methods	ALLOCATION CONCEALMENT: unclear BLINDING: at least one measure was assessed by an independent assessor blind to treatment allocation
Participants	DIAGNOSIS: DSM‐III‐R panic disorder with agoraphobia AGE: mean=35.1 years SEX: 75% women HISTORY: mean duration of illness=6.1 years PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY: Depressed patients with 19‐item HAM‐D >=17 were excluded. Patients with bipolar disorder, obsessive‐compulsive disorder, organic mental disorder, schizophrenia, alcohol or drug dependence during the preceding 12 months, suicidality were excluded. MEDICAL COMORBIDITY: Clinically relevant organic diseases, significant laboratory abnormalities, known allergic reactions to monoamine oxidase inhibitors, pregnancy, lactation period were excluded.
Interventions	ACUTE PHASE: 8 weeks 1. moclobemide (mean=551 mg/d) + CBT (nine 50‐minute individual sessions + two 6‐hour therapist‐aided exposure sessions) 2. moclobemide + clinical management 3. placebo + CBT 4. placebo + clinical management (not used in the present meta‐analysis) ACUTE PHASE CO‐INTERVENTION: If patiens had been taing benzo, tapering lasted upt to 4 weeks and withdrawal symptoms had to end at least 1 week prior to treatment. MAINTENANCE: ‐ MODE OF DISCONTINUATION: tapered off over two weeks (from week 8 to week 10). However, 70% of patients received treatment during follow‐up, defined either as at least one intake of a drug such as benzodiazepine, antidepressant or beta‐blocker or ast least one psychosocial treatmetn session. FOLLOW‐UP: at 6 months after treatment discontinuation. 67% was successfully followed‐up. INTERVENTIONS AFTER TRIAL DISCONTINUATION: 70% received at least some treatment after discontinuing moclobemide.
Outcomes	RESPONSE: "Much" or "very much improved" on CGI Improvement REMISSION: "Normal" or "borderline mentally ill" on CGI Severity GLOBAL: CGI Severity, CGI Improvement PANIC ATTACK: ‐ AGORAPHOBIA: FQ‐Ag, MI GENERAL ANXIETY: HAM‐A DEPRESSION: HAM‐D FUNCTIONING: Sheehan Disability Scale‐work, ‐leisure, ‐home life
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear