Wiborg 1996

Methods	ALLOCATION CONCEALMENT: adequate [data provided by the original author] BLINDING: at least one measure was assessed by an independent assessor blind to treatment allocation
Participants	DIAGNOSIS: DSM‐III‐R panic disorder with or without agoraphobia (80% agoraphobic) AGE: mean=31.7 years SEX: 58% women HISTORY: mean duration of illness=3.2 years PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY: Personality disorder, primary major depression, psychosis, substance abuse, eating disorder, agoraphobia with or without panic attacks were excluded. MEDICAL COMORBIDITY: Significant medical illness, pregnancy and lactation were excluded.
Interventions	ACUTE PHASE: 12‐15 weeks 1. clomipramine (mean=108‐113 mg/d) + psychodynamic psychotherapy (15 weekly brief dynamic psychotherapy sessions, without encouraging exposure) 2. clomipramine alone ACUTE PHASE CO‐INTERVENTION: 11 out of 40 took benzo in the first month; 4 used benzo irregularly for six months. MAINTENANCE: 33‐36 weeks MODE OF DISCONTINUATION: tapered off over 6 weeks FOLLOW‐UP: at 9 months after treatment discontinuation. 100% follow‐up was achieved. INTERVENTIONS AFTER TRIAL DISCONTINUATION: Of 20 patients in the first arm, 4 took effective medication. Of 20 patients in the second arm, 14 took effective medication and 4 received psychological treatment.
Outcomes	RESPONSE: >=40% reduction in Patient Status Scale [imputed from mean&SD] REMISSION: panic free GLOBAL: Patient Status Scale PANIC ATTACK: Panic Attack and Anxiety Scale AGORAPHOBIA: Phobia Scale GENERAL ANXIETY: HAM‐A DEPRESSION: HAM‐D FUNCTIONING: Sheehan Disability Scale
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Low risk	A ‐ Adequate