Zitrin 1980

Methods	ALLOCATION CONCEALMENT: unclear BLINDING: at least one measure was assessed by an independent assessor blind to treatment allocation
Participants	DIAGNOSIS: "agoraphobia" (the average severity being 5.9 to 6.3 on a scale between 1 through 7) with "spontaneous panic" (again the average severity being 4.1 to 4.9 on a scale between 1 through 7) AGE: mean=35.6 years SEX: 100% women HISTORY: mean duration of illness=8.6 years PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY: Schizophrenia and significant current depression were excluded. MEDICAL COMORBIDITY: ‐
Interventions	ACUTE PHASE: 14 weeks 1. imipramine (ca 200 mg/d) + behavior therapy (group in vivo exposure, ten 3‐4‐hour sessions) 2. placebo + behavior therapy ACUTE PHASE CO‐INTERVENTION: not specified MAINTENANCE: 12 weeks MODE OF DISCONTINUATION: ‐ FOLLOW‐UP: ‐
Outcomes	RESPONSE: "moderate" to "marked" improvement on CGI Change by an independent evaluator REMISSION: "Marked" improvement on CGI Change by an independent evaluator GLOBAL: CGI Change PANIC ATTACK: spontaneous panic scale [1‐7] AGORAPHOBIA: primary phobia scale [1‐7] GENERAL ANXIETY: ‐ DEPRESSION: ‐ FUNCTIONING: functioning scale [1‐7]
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear