Comparison 6.
Resolution of encephalopathy
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 All trials | 6 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 1.1 All studies | 6 | 119 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.10 [1.18, 3.72] |
| 1.2 Standard amino acids | 5 | 66 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.13 [0.62, 2.07] |
| 1.3 BCAA's | 2 | 62 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 7.48 [1.87, 29.94] |
| 2 Parenteral nutrition (all medical trials) | 2 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 2.1 All trials | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 2.2 Standard amino acids | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 2.3 BCAA's | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 3 Enteral nutrition (all medical trials) | 2 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 3.1 All trials | 2 | 47 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.57 [0.59, 4.13] |
| 3.2 Standard amino acids | 2 | 37 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.28 [0.48, 3.39] |
| 3.3 BCAA's | 1 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.6 [0.49, 26.54] |
| 4 Supplements (all medical trials) | 2 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 4.1 All trials | 2 | 53 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 2.04 [0.06, 75.19] |
| 4.2 Standard amino acids | 1 | 10 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.29 [0.02, 4.29] |
| 4.3 BCAA's | 1 | 43 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 11.30 [1.62, 78.95] |
| 5 Medical trials ‐ all trials | 6 | 119 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.10 [1.18, 3.72] |
| 5.1 Parenteral nutrition | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 5.2 Enteral nutrition | 2 | 47 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.57 [0.59, 4.13] |
| 5.3 Supplements | 2 | 53 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.75 [1.15, 12.18] |
| 6 Medical trials ‐ standard amino acids | 5 | 66 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.13 [0.62, 2.07] |
| 6.1 Parenteral nutrition | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 6.2 Enteral nutrition | 2 | 37 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.28 [0.48, 3.39] |
| 6.3 Supplements | 1 | 10 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.29 [0.02, 4.29] |
| 7 Medical trials ‐ BCAAs | 2 | 62 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 7.48 [1.87, 29.94] |
| 7.1 Parenteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 7.2 Enteral nutrition | 1 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.6 [0.49, 26.54] |
| 7.3 Supplements | 1 | 43 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 11.30 [1.62, 78.95] |
| 8 Surgical trials ‐ all trials | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 8.1 Pareneral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 8.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 8.3 Supplements | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 9 Surgical trials ‐ standard amino acids | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 9.1 Pareneral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 9.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 9.3 Supplements | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 10 Surgical trials ‐ BCAAs | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 10.1 Pareneral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 10.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 10.3 Supplements | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 11 Alcoholic hepatitis ‐ all trials | 5 | 76 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.26 [0.68, 2.31] |
| 11.1 Parenteral nutrition | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 11.2 Enteral nutrition | 2 | 47 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.57 [0.59, 4.13] |
| 11.3 Supplements | 1 | 10 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.29 [0.02, 4.29] |
| 12 Alcoholic hepatitis ‐ standard amino acids | 5 | 66 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.13 [0.62, 2.07] |
| 12.1 Parenteral nutrition | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 12.2 Enteral nutrition | 2 | 37 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.28 [0.48, 3.39] |
| 12.3 Supplements | 1 | 10 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.29 [0.02, 4.29] |
| 13 Alcoholic hepatitis ‐ BCAAs | 1 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.6 [0.49, 26.54] |
| 13.1 Parenteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 13.2 Enteral nutrition | 1 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.6 [0.49, 26.54] |
| 13.3 Supplements | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 14 Cirrhosis ‐ all | 1 | 43 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 11.30 [1.62, 78.95] |
| 14.1 Parenteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 14.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 14.3 Supplements | 1 | 43 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 11.30 [1.62, 78.95] |
| 15 Cirrhosis ‐ standard amino acids | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 15.1 Parenteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 15.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 15.3 Supplements | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 16 Cirrhosis ‐ BCAAs | 1 | 43 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 11.30 [1.62, 78.95] |
| 16.1 Parenteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 16.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 16.3 Supplements | 1 | 43 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 11.30 [1.62, 78.95] |
| 17 HCC ‐ all studies | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 17.1 Parenteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 17.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 17.3 Supplements | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 18 HCC ‐ standard amino acids | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 18.1 Parenteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 18.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 18.3 Supplements | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 19 HCC ‐ BCAAs | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 19.1 Parenteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 19.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 19.3 Supplements | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 20 Abstracts excluded ‐ all trials | 6 | 119 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.10 [1.18, 3.72] |
| 20.1 Parenteral nutrition | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 20.2 Enteral nutrition | 2 | 47 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.57 [0.59, 4.13] |
| 20.3 Supplements | 2 | 53 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.75 [1.15, 12.18] |
| 21 Abstracts excluded ‐ standard amino acids | 5 | 66 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.13 [0.62, 2.07] |
| 21.1 Parenteral nutrition | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 21.2 Enteral nutrition | 2 | 37 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.28 [0.48, 3.39] |
| 21.3 Supplements | 1 | 10 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.29 [0.02, 4.29] |
| 22 Abstracts excluded ‐ BCAAs | 3 | 72 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 2.75 [0.40, 19.10] |
| 22.1 Parenteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 22.2 Enteral nutrition | 1 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 3.60 [0.49, 26.54] |
| 22.3 Supplements | 2 | 53 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | 2.04 [0.06, 75.19] |
| 23 Surgical trials (transplant patients removed) ‐ all trials | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 23.1 Pareneral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 23.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 23.3 Supplements | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 24 ITT ‐ All trials ‐ best‐case scenario ‐ no changes made because all patients reported | 6 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 24.1 All studies | 6 | 119 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.10 [1.18, 3.72] |
| 24.2 Standard amino acids | 5 | 66 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.13 [0.62, 2.07] |
| 24.3 BCAA's | 2 | 62 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 7.48 [1.87, 29.94] |
| 25 ITT ‐ Parenteral nutrition trials ‐ best‐case scenario ‐ no changes made because all patients reported | 2 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 25.1 All studies | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 25.2 Standard amino acids | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 25.3 BCAA's | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 26 ITT ‐ Enteral trials ‐ best‐case scenario ‐ no changes made because all patients reported | 2 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 26.1 All studies | 2 | 47 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.57 [0.59, 4.13] |
| 26.2 Standard amino acids | 2 | 37 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.28 [0.48, 3.39] |
| 26.3 BCAA's | 1 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.6 [0.49, 26.54] |
| 27 ITT ‐ Supplements trials ‐ best‐case scenario ‐ no changes made because all patients reported | 2 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 27.1 All studies | 2 | 53 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.75 [1.15, 12.18] |
| 27.2 Standard amino acids | 1 | 10 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.29 [0.02, 4.29] |
| 27.3 BCAA's | 1 | 43 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 11.30 [1.62, 78.95] |
| 28 ITT ‐ All trials ‐ worst‐case scenario ‐ no changes made because all patients reported | 6 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 28.1 All studies | 6 | 119 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 2.10 [1.18, 3.72] |
| 28.2 Standard amino acids | 5 | 66 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.13 [0.62, 2.07] |
| 28.3 BCAA's | 2 | 62 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 7.48 [1.87, 29.94] |
| 29 ITT ‐ Parenteral nutrition trials ‐ worst‐case scenario ‐ no changes made because all patients reported | 2 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 29.1 All studies | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 29.2 Standard amino acids | 2 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.42 [0.66, 3.07] |
| 29.3 BCAA's | 0 | 0 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 30 ITT ‐ Enteral nutrition trials ‐ worst‐case scenario ‐ no changes made because all patients reported | 2 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 30.1 All studies | 2 | 47 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.57 [0.59, 4.13] |
| 30.2 Standard amino acids | 2 | 37 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 1.28 [0.48, 3.39] |
| 30.3 BCAA's | 1 | 19 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.6 [0.49, 26.54] |
| 31 ITT ‐ Supplement trials ‐ worst‐case scenario ‐ no changes made because all patients reported | 3 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | Subtotals only | |
| 31.1 All studies | 2 | 53 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 3.75 [1.15, 12.18] |
| 31.2 Standard amino acids | 2 | 23 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.93 [0.28, 3.09] |
| 31.3 BCAA's | 1 | 43 | Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 11.30 [1.62, 78.95] |