Comparison 16.
Mortality ‐ absolute risk difference (ARD)
| Outcome or subgroup title | No. of studies | No. of participants | Statistical method | Effect size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 All studies | 28 | 1668 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.02 [‐0.05, 0.01] |
| 2 Parenteral nutrition | 9 | 465 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.03 [‐0.07, 0.01] |
| 2.1 Medical trials | 4 | 158 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.03 [‐0.11, 0.06] |
| 2.2 Surgical trials | 5 | 307 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.03 [‐0.08, 0.02] |
| 3 Enteral nutrition | 6 | 275 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.06 [‐0.15, 0.03] |
| 3.1 Medical trials | 5 | 215 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.05 [‐0.15, 0.06] |
| 3.2 Surgical trials | 1 | 60 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.09 [‐0.22, 0.04] |
| 4 Supplements | 13 | 928 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.02 [‐0.06, 0.03] |
| 4.1 Medical trials | 9 | 710 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.01 [‐0.07, 0.05] |
| 4.2 Surgical trials | 4 | 218 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) | ‐0.03 [‐0.12, 0.07] |
| 5 Medical trials | 18 | 1083 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.00 [‐0.05, 0.04] |
| 5.1 Parenteral nutrition | 4 | 158 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.04 [‐0.14, 0.06] |
| 5.2 Enteral nutrition | 5 | 215 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.05 [‐0.15, 0.06] |
| 5.3 Supplements | 9 | 710 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.02 [‐0.04, 0.08] |
| 6 Surgical trials | 10 | 585 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.05 [‐0.10, ‐0.01] |
| 6.1 Parenteral nutrition | 5 | 307 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.06 [‐0.12, 0.00] |
| 6.2 Enteral nutrition | 1 | 60 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.09 [‐0.22, 0.04] |
| 6.3 Supplements | 4 | 218 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.03 [‐0.11, 0.04] |
| 7 Alcoholic hepatitis | 7 | 300 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.05 [‐0.14, 0.04] |
| 7.1 Parenteral nutrition | 3 | 118 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.06 [‐0.18, 0.07] |
| 7.2 Enteral nutrition | 2 | 95 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.03 [‐0.16, 0.23] |
| 7.3 Supplements | 2 | 87 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.13 [‐0.29, 0.03] |
| 8 Cirrhosis | 9 | 349 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.07 [‐0.13, ‐0.01] |
| 8.1 Parenteral nutrition | 2 | 60 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.03 [‐0.16, 0.09] |
| 8.2 Enteral nutrition | 3 | 120 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.11 [‐0.22, 0.01] |
| 8.3 Supplements | 4 | 169 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.06 [‐0.15, 0.03] |
| 9 HCC | 6 | 673 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.04 [‐0.02, 0.10] |
| 9.1 Parenteral Nutrition | 1 | 124 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.07 [‐0.18, 0.04] |
| 9.2 Enteral nutrition | 0 | 0 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.0 [0.0, 0.0] |
| 9.3 Supplements | 5 | 549 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.07 [‐0.01, 0.14] |
| 10 Abstracts excluded | 25 | 1348 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.05 [‐0.08, ‐0.01] |
| 10.1 Medical trials ‐ parenteral nutrition | 4 | 158 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.04 [‐0.14, 0.06] |
| 10.2 Surgical trials ‐ parenteral nutrition | 5 | 307 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.06 [‐0.12, 0.00] |
| 10.3 Medical trials ‐ enteral nutrition | 4 | 152 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.06 [‐0.20, 0.09] |
| 10.4 Surgical trials ‐ enteral nutrition | 1 | 60 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.09 [‐0.22, 0.04] |
| 10.5 Medical trials ‐ supplements | 8 | 477 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.04 [‐0.10, 0.02] |
| 10.6 Surgical trials ‐ supplements | 3 | 194 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.04 [‐0.12, 0.04] |
| 11 Surgical trials without transplant patients | 7 | 410 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.04 [‐0.09, 0.01] |
| 11.1 Parenteral nutrition | 3 | 214 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.06 [‐0.14, 0.01] |
| 11.2 Enteral nutrition | 1 | 60 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.09 [‐0.22, 0.04] |
| 11.3 Supplements | 3 | 136 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.02 [‐0.06, 0.10] |
| 12 Intent to treat ‐ best‐case scenario for intervention | 24 | 1539 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.07 [‐0.11, ‐0.03] |
| 12.1 Medical trials ‐ Parenteral nutrition | 4 | 170 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.12 [‐0.22, ‐0.02] |
| 12.2 Surgical trials ‐ Parenteral nutrition | 4 | 268 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.17 [‐0.25, ‐0.10] |
| 12.3 Medical trials ‐ Enteral nutrition | 5 | 215 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.05 [‐0.15, 0.06] |
| 12.4 Surgical trials ‐ enteral nutrition | 1 | 64 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.09 [‐0.22, 0.04] |
| 12.5 Medical trials ‐ Supplements | 8 | 690 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.03 [‐0.09, 0.03] |
| 12.6 Surgical trials ‐ Supplements | 2 | 132 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.06 [‐0.17, 0.05] |
| 13 Intent to treat ‐ worst‐case scenario for intervention | 24 | 1539 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.04 [‐0.00, 0.08] |
| 13.1 Medical trials ‐ Parenteral nutrition | 4 | 170 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.02 [‐0.08, 0.13] |
| 13.2 Surgical trials ‐ Parenteral nutrition | 4 | 268 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.02 [‐0.06, 0.10] |
| 13.3 Medical trials ‐ Enteral nutrition | 5 | 215 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | ‐0.05 [‐0.15, 0.06] |
| 13.4 Surgical trials ‐ Enteral nutrition | 1 | 64 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.03 [‐0.14, 0.20] |
| 13.5 Medical trials ‐ Supplements | 8 | 690 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.07 [0.01, 0.14] |
| 13.6 Surgical trials ‐ Supplements | 2 | 132 | Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) | 0.03 [‐0.09, 0.14] |