Table 3.

GO analysis of DEGs associated with COPD

Term ID	Category	Description	Count	P‐value	Bonferroni
GO:0006954	BP	Inflammatory response	18	9.11E−9	0.0000088
GO:0006955	BP	Immune response	18	4.26E−8	0.0000412
GO:0032496	BP	Response to lipopolysaccharide	9	0.0000513	0.04832
GO:0002523	BP	Leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response	4	0.0000782	0.072795
GO:0007155	BP	Cell adhesion	14	0.0000787	0.073195
GO:0002576	BP	Platelet degranulation	7	0.000175	0.155654
GO:0030198	BP	Extracellular matrix organization	9	0.000178	0.157584
GO:0050729	BP	Positive regulation of inflammatory response	6	0.000292	0.245789
GO:0006935	BP	Chemotaxis	7	0.000438	0.344834
GO:0071294	BP	Cellular response to zinc ion	4	0.000438	0.345355
GO:0045926	BP	Negative regulation of growth	4	0.000438	0.345355
GO:0045600	BP	Positive regulation of fat cell differentiation	5	0.00053	0.400817
GO:0050832	BP	Defense response to fungus	4	0.001263	0.705093
GO:0060326	BP	Cell chemotaxis	5	0.001801	0.824787
GO:0030593	BP	Neutrophil chemotaxis	5	0.001906	0.841641
GO:0010043	BP	Response to zinc ion	4	0.002927	0.941058
GO:0001501	BP	Skeletal system development	6	0.004843	0.990808
GO:0007165	BP	Signal transduction	19	0.00503	0.992337
GO:0002437	BP	Inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus	3	0.0062	0.997541
GO:0030178	BP	Negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway	4	0.008258	0.999668
GO:0007263	BP	Nitric oxide‐mediated signal transduction	3	0.009889	0.999932
GO:0071356	BP	Cellular response to tumor necrosis factor	5	0.011676	0.999988
GO:0001666	BP	Response to hypoxia	6	0.012312	0.999994
GO:0050776	BP	Regulation of immune response	6	0.014105	0.999999
GO:0035924	BP	Cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus	3	0.014331	0.999999
GO:0002035	BP	Brain renin‐angiotensin system	2	0.015897	1
GO:0070488	BP	Neutrophil aggregation	2	0.015897	1
GO:0006952	BP	Defense response	4	0.016421	1
GO:0032868	BP	Response to insulin	4	0.016421	1
GO:0050900	BP	Leukocyte migration	5	0.016519	1
GO:0001816	BP	Cytokine production	3	0.016818	1
GO:0035987	BP	Endodermal cell differentiation	3	0.019474	1
GO:0042476	BP	Odontogenesis	3	0.019474	1
GO:0032689	BP	Negative regulation of interferon‐gamma production	3	0.020864	1
GO:0010033	BP	Response to organic substance	3	0.020864	1
GO:0071549	BP	Cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus	3	0.022294	1
GO:0007204	BP	Positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	5	0.022427	1
GO:1900625	BP	Positive regulation of monocyte aggregation	2	0.023751	1
GO:2001179	BP	Regulation of interleukin‐10 secretion	2	0.023751	1
GO:0032602	BP	Chemokine production	2	0.023751	1
GO:0070295	BP	Renal water absorption	2	0.023751	1
GO:1902042	BP	Negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors	3	0.0284	1
GO:0042742	BP	Defense response to bacterium	5	0.028971	1
GO:0030307	BP	Positive regulation of cell growth	4	0.029638	1
GO:0002793	BP	Positive regulation of peptide secretion	2	0.031543	1
GO:0032673	BP	Regulation of interleukin‐4 production	2	0.031543	1
GO:0032119	BP	Sequestering of zinc ion	2	0.031543	1
GO:0072593	BP	Reactive oxygen species metabolic process	3	0.031676	1
GO:0018108	BP	Peptidyl‐tyrosine phosphorylation	5	0.034254	1
GO:0045786	BP	Negative regulation of cell cycle	3	0.035093	1
GO:0042493	BP	Response to drug	7	0.03518	1
GO:0007160	BP	Cell‐matrix adhesion	4	0.035316	1
GO:0006953	BP	Acute‐phase response	3	0.038646	1
GO:0002381	BP	Immunoglobulin production involved in immunoglobulin‐mediated immune response	2	0.039273	1
GO:0008285	BP	Negative regulation of cell proliferation	8	0.039604	1
GO:0043408	BP	Regulation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascade	3	0.042329	1
GO:0002548	BP	Monocyte chemotaxis	3	0.044219	1
GO:0045429	BP	Positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	3	0.046139	1
GO:0010042	BP	Response to manganese ion	2	0.046942	1
GO:0038084	BP	Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway	2	0.046942	1
GO:0005576	CC	Extracellular region	44	2.35E−14	3.22E−12
GO:0005615	CC	Extracellular space	40	4.29E−14	5.89E−12
GO:0005887	CC	Integral component of plasma membrane	32	2.71E−8	0.00000371
GO:0005886	CC	Plasma membrane	56	0.00000132	0.000181
GO:0009897	CC	External side of plasma membrane	10	0.0000284	0.003882
GO:0031093	CC	Platelet alpha‐granule lumen	5	0.000713	0.093083
GO:0005578	CC	Proteinaceous extracellular matrix	8	0.003704	0.398509
GO:0070062	CC	Extracellular exosome	32	0.011945	0.807247
GO:0030666	CC	Endocytic vesicle membrane	4	0.012698	0.826358
GO:0031012	CC	Extracellular matrix	7	0.02228	0.954358
GO:0030669	CC	Clathrin‐coated endocytic vesicle membrane	3	0.03651	0.993875
GO:0048471	CC	Perinuclear region of cytoplasm	10	0.039931	0.996238
GO:0004872	MF	Receptor activity	10	0.0000321	0.009231
GO:0050786	MF	RAGE receptor binding	4	0.0000611	0.017515
GO:0004908	MF	Interleukin‐1 receptor activity	3	0.001097	0.271869
GO:0005201	MF	Extracellular matrix structural constituent	4	0.013171	0.97833
GO:0017147	MF	Wnt protein binding	3	0.02166	0.998215
GO:0004896	MF	Cytokine receptor activity	3	0.028658	0.999776
GO:0035662	MF	Toll‐like receptor 4 binding	2	0.029063	0.999801
GO:0004982	MF	N‐formyl peptide receptor activity	2	0.029063	0.999801
GO:0008201	MF	Heparin binding	5	0.030385	0.999866
GO:0008083	MF	Growth factor activity	5	0.031597	0.999907
GO:0004714	MF	Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity	3	0.031677	0.999909
GO:0050544	MF	Arachidonic acid binding	2	0.036196	0.999976
GO:0005160	MF	Transforming growth factor‐beta receptor binding	3	0.03807	0.999987
GO:0005178	MF	Integrin binding	4	0.042233	0.999996
GO:0042803	MF	Protein homodimerization activity	11	0.042565	0.999997
GO:0004875	MF	Complement receptor activity	2	0.043278	0.999997