Table 2. Changes in each variable between subjects at baseline and post-exercise with Theraband® .

(N = 15)

Variables	Baseline	Post-exercise	p	Effect size
Body weight(kg) BMI(kg/m2)	56.48±1.71 23.67±0.66	56.15±1.75 23.56±0.69	0.227 0.574	0.33 0.15
SMI(ASM/Body weight x100) ASM(kg) ASM/Height2(kg/m2)	26.21±0.77 14.65±0.47 6.17±0.16	26.21±0.72 14.67±0.51 6.18±0.17	0.985 0.870 0.946	0.00 -0.04 -0.02
K-MMSE(score)	25.07±0.67	26.47±0.60	0.106	-0.45
Body fat percentage(%) Fat mass(kg) Left upper muscle mass(kg) Right upper muscle mass(kg) Trunk muscle mass(kg) Left lower muscle mass(kg) Right lower muscle mass(kg)	32.21±1.63 18.44±1.36 1.83±0.07 1.84±0.06 16.89±0.42 5.47±0.18 5.50±0.19	31.42±1.54 17.83±1.27 1.87±0.08 1.85±0.08 16.92±0.49 5.46±0.20 5.49±0.20	0.181 0.089 0.222 0.637 0.816 0.878 0.793	0.36 0.47 -0.33 -0.12 -0.06 0.04 0.07
Balance(sec) Chair stand test(sec) Grip strength(kg) Gait test(sec) Gait speed(m/sec) TUG Test(sec)	4.00±0.00 9.52±0.39 19.53±1.14 3.50±0.20 1.19±0.06 9.04±0.36	4.00±0.00 9.10±0.37 19.86±1.29 3.00±0.11 1.36±0.05 8.28±0.38	1.00 0.274 0.567 0.012* 0.003** 0.010*	- 0.29 -0.15 0.74 -0.91 0.77

Values are mean ± SEM.

BMI (body mass index), SMI (skeletal muscle mass index), ASM (appendicular skeletal muscle mass),

K-MMSE (Korean version of Mini Mental State Examination), TUG (Timed Up and Go)

* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.