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. 2019 Sep 25;3(11):1520–1543. doi: 10.1002/hep4.1429

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© 2019 The Authors. Hepatology Communications published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc., on behalf of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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SULF2 inhibition is associated with LMP. (A) Merged immunofluorescence images show lysosomal enzyme (anti‐cathepsin D, red) and lysosomes (anti‐LAMP1, green) according to SULF2 status in the HCC cells. Huh7 cells transfected with scrambled shRNA show more colocalization (upper panel). Huh7 cells transfected with SULF2 shRNA show diffuse cytosolic staining of cathepsin D (lower panel). Control Hep3B cells show less colocalization (upper panel). Hep3B cells transfected with SULF2 plasmid show more colocalization (lower panel). (B) Merged immunofluorescence images show galectin‐3 (anti‐galectin‐3, red) and lysosomes (anti‐LAMP1, green) according to SULF2 status in the HCC cells. Huh7 cells transfected with scrambled shRNA show diffuse cytosolic staining for galectin‐3 (upper panel). Huh7 cells transfected with SULF2 shRNA show punctate staining for galectin‐3 colocalized with LAMP1 (lower panel). Control Hep3B cells and Hep3B cells transfected with SULF2 plasmid show diffuse cytosolic staining for galectin‐3. The Huh7 cells showing diffuse cytosolic staining of cathepsin D or punctate staining of galectin‐3 were counted by examining a total of 50 cells in 10 random fields (5 cells/field) and presented as a bar graph (mean ± SEM). Abbreviation: CTSD, cathepsin D.