(A) In nonpregnant female ICR mice, chronic subcutaneous administration of kisspeptin resulted in improved glucose tolerance after intraperitoneal (i.p.) glucose administration (2 g/kg) when compared with untreated controls (2-way repeated-measures ANOVA, 15 minutes P < 0.001). (B) There was no significant difference in overall 120 minutes area under the curve (AUC), but kisspeptin treatment did result in a significant reduction in glucose AUC over 0–60 minutes (2-tailed Student’s t test, P = 0.0321). (C) Although chronic kisspeptin treatment had no significant effect on fasting plasma insulin levels, kisspeptin-treated animals had significantly increased insulin release in response to i.p. glucose administration (2 g/kg) after 30 minutes when compared with controls (1-way ANOVA, P = 0.033). (D) Kisspeptin had no effect on the plasma glucose response to i.p. insulin administration (0.75 IU/kg) when compared to controls, through comparison of both individual time points and (E) glucose AUC. Mean ± SEM, n = 11–12, and *P < 0.05 vs. control.