(A) Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with regular human insulin subcutaneously (s.c.) for 3 consecutive days to induce RH (2 U/kg on day 1, 1.5 U/kg on day 2, and 1.2 U/kg on day 3). For the control group, rats were injected with saline (1 mL/kg, s.c.) for 3 consecutive days (RS). Following overnight fasting on day 4, both RS (i.e., control) and RH (i.e., recurrent insulin–treated rats) groups were sacrificed to collect VMH brain tissues to determine genome-wide microRNA profiling by RNA-sequencing. (B) Blood glucose levels (mg/dL) in RS or RH groups during 3-day protocol. (C) Differential expression of microRNAs in the VMH between control and RH groups at false discovery rate (FDR) less than 5% and P less than 0.05. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6/group).