Table 2.
Parameter Estimates for the Reading Comprehension Models.
| Gates MacGinitie | Woodcock Johnson | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B (SE) | Semipartial ω2 | B (SE) | Semipartial ω2 | |
| Intercept | 93.56** (2.96) | 99.30** (2.07) | ||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age | −0.84 (0.60) | 0.000 | −5.03** (0.40) | 0.051 |
| English Proficiency | 8.65** (1.14) | 0.023 | 2.50* (0.77) | 0.003 |
| Sex (Female) | −1.10 (0.59) | 0.001 | −1.19* (0.40) | 0.003 |
| SES (Free/Reduced Lunch) | −1.47 (0.91) | 0.001 | −1.73* (0.61) | 0.002 |
| Grade 3 vs. 4 | −9.58** (0.96) | 0.041 | −1.47* (0.71) | 0.001 |
| Grade 5 vs. 4 | 0.73 (1.23) | 0.000 | −1.63 (0.87) | 0.001 |
| Ethnicity (White vs. Hispanic) | −0.59 (0.85) | 0.000 | −2.75** (0.57) | 0.007 |
| Ethnicity (Black vs. Hispanic) | 1.34 (0.75) | 0.001 | −1.59* (0.51) | 0.003 |
| Ethnicity (Other vs. Hispanic) | −1.53 (2.01) | 0.000 | −3.81* (1.44) | 0.002 |
| Cognitive Variables | ||||
| Motor | −0.15 (0.40) | 0.000 | 0.07 (0.26) | 0.000 |
| Speed | −1.44** (0.41) | 0.005 | −0.28 (0.28) | 0.000 |
| Short Term Memory (STM) | 0.74 (0.48) | 0.001 | −0.16 (0.31) | 0.000 |
| Executive Functioning | ||||
| EF | 2.50** (0.51) | 0.010 | 2.46** (0.34) | 0.017 |
| WMSMP | −0.71 (0.51) | 0.000 | −1.08* (0.35) | 0.003 |
| WM as Updating (WMU) | −0.43 (0.56) | 0.000 | −0.57 (0.36) | 0.000 |
| Fluency | 0.68 (0.41) | 0.001 | −0.05 (0.28) | 0.000 |
| Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) | 0.41 (0.32) | 0.000 | 0.45* (0.22) | 0.001 |
| Metacognition | 1.71** (0.36) | 0.009 | −0.02 (0.25) | 0.000 |
| Simple View of Reading | ||||
| Word Reading | 0.25** (0.02) | 0.104 | 0.18** (0.01) | 0.094 |
| Oral Comprehension | 0.18** (0.03) | 0.021 | 0.15** (0.02) | 0.027 |
| Word Reading x Oral Comprehension (SVR) | 0.002* (0.001) | 0.002 | 0.002* (0.0007) | 0.002 |
| Executive Functioning | ||||
| EF | 2.50** (0.51) | 0.010 | 2.46** (0.34) | 0.017 |
| WMSMP | −0.71 (0.51) | 0.000 | −1.08* (0.35) | 0.003 |
| WM as Updating (WMU) | −0.43 (0.56) | 0.000 | −0.57 (0.36) | 0.000 |
| Fluency | 0.68 (0.41) | 0.001 | −0.05 (0.28) | 0.000 |
| Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) | 0.41 (0.32) | 0.000 | 0.45* (0.22) | 0.001 |
| Metacognition | 1.71** (0.36) | 0.009 | −0.02 (0.25) | 0.000 |
| Two Way Interactions | ||||
| EF x Decoding | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.000 | −0.02* (0.01) | 0.001 |
| WMSMP x Decoding | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.000 | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.001 |
| WMU x Decoding | 0.03 (0.02) | 0.000 | 0.01 (0.02) | 0.000 |
| Fluency x Decoding | −0.03 (0.02) | 0.001 | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.000 |
| SRL x Decoding | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.000 | −0.01 (0.01) | 0.000 |
| Metacognition x Decoding | 0.01 (0.02) | 0.000 | −0.03* (0.01) | 0.001 |
| EF x Oral Comprehension | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.002 | 0.01 (0.02) | 0.000 |
| WMSMP x Oral Comprehension | −0.04 (0.03) | 0.000 | −0.03 (0.02) | 0.000 |
| WMU x Oral Comprehension | 0.01 (0.03) | 0.000 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.000 |
| Fluency x Oral Comprehension | 0.00 (0.03) | 0.000 | −0.02 (0.02) | 0.000 |
| SRL x Oral Comprehension | −0.04 (0.02) | 0.001 | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.001 |
| Metacognition x Oral Comprehension | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.000 | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.000 |
| Three-Way Interactions | ||||
| EF x SVR | −0.002* (0.0008) | 0.003 | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.000 |
| WMSMP x SVR | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.000 | 0.002* (0.0008) | 0.001 |
| WMU x SVR | 0.003* (0.001) | 0.002 | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.000 |
| Fluency x SVR | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.000 | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.000 |
| SRL x SVR | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.000 | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.000 |
| Metacognition x SVR | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.000 | 0.00 (0.00) | 0.000 |
Note. See Table 1 for abbreviations and notes.