Table 1.

Items From the IDS‐42 Representing Reward and Relief Drinking and Standardized Factor Loadings From a Confirmatory Factor Analysis

	Reward factor	Relief factor
Want to celebrate with a friend	0.91
Met a friend and s/he suggested we have a drink together	0.89
Out with friends and wanted to increase my enjoyment	0.88
Out with friends and they stopped by bar for a drink	0.85
Enjoying myself at a party and wanted to feel even better	0.83
At a party and others were drinking	0.81
Something good happens and I feel like celebrating	0.75
Relaxing with a good friend and wanted to have a good time	0.73
I felt confident and relaxed	0.63
To heighten my sexual enjoyment	0.55
Everything was going well	0.54
I remembered how good it tasted	0.52
When I had problems with people at work		0.91
When I was not getting along with others at work		0.90
Was angry at the way things turned out		0.84
When I felt I let myself down		0.84
Others around me made me tense		0.83
Someone criticized me		0.83
Others treated me unfairly		0.82
Others didn't seem to like me		0.82
Afraid things were not working out		0.81
When I had an argument with a friend		0.74
When I felt pressure at work due to supervisor's demands		0.70
Felt confused about what I should do		0.70
Felt uneasy in the presence of someone		0.68
When there were fights at home		0.67
When I had trouble sleeping		0.30

A 2‐factor confirmatory factor analysis, with reward and relief drinking factors, provided an adequate fit to the data based on Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) and Comparative Fit Index values at or below cutoffs (Kline, 2015) (χ² (398) = 859.1, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.08 (90% CI: 0.07, 0.09); CFI = 0.94). The correlation between the reward and relief factor was significant (r = 0.371, p < 0.001).