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. 2019 Nov 1;9:15867. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-52416-x

Table 1.

Overview of candidate reference genes for the study of gene expression in F. hepatica.

Gene name Gene ID Homology (e-value)* Protein function
Fhtbcd maker-scaffold10x_815_pilon-snap-gene-1.87 Tubulin-specific chaperone D [H. sapiens, NP_005984.3] (7e-177) Cofactor D is one of four proteins involved in the pathway leading to correctly folded beta-tubulin from folding intermediates.
Fheprs maker-scaffold10x_14_pilon-snap-gene-0.109 Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase [H. sapiens, NP_004437.2] (0.0) The protein encoded by this gene is a multifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that catalyses the aminoacylation of glutamic acid and proline tRNA species.
Fhletm1 maker-scaffold10x_721_pilon-snap-gene-0.10

Leucine zipper and EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 [Homo sapiens, NP_036450.1]

(2e-85)

The protein functions to maintain the mitochondrial tubular shapes and is required for normal mitochondrial morphology and cellular viability.
Fhactb augustus_masked-scaffold10x_269_pilon-processed-gene-0.18 Actin, cytoplasmic 1 [H. sapiens, NP_001092.1] (0.0) Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in cell motility, structure, integrity and intracellular signaling. The encoded protein is a major constituent of the contractile apparatus and one of the two non-muscle cytoskeletal actins that are ubiquitously expressed.
Fhsnrpa1 maker-scaffold10x_234_pilon-snap-gene-0.20 U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A’ [H. sapiens, NP_003081.2] (5e-72) This gene encodes a protein which is a component of the spliceosome and it is involved in pre-mRNA splicing.
Fhppp1cb maker-scaffold10x_238_pilon-snap-gene-0.95 Protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit beta [H. sapiens, NP_002700.1] (0.0) The protein encoded by this gene is one of the three catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). PP1 is a serine/threonine specific protein phosphatase known to be involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular processes.
Fhpsmb7 maker-scaffold10x_1452_pilon-augustus-gene-0.11 Proteasome subunit beta type-7 [H. sapiens, NP_002790.1] (1e-79) Important component of the cellular protein degradation complex.
Fhgapdh maker-scaffold10x_2706_pilon-snap-gene-0.15 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [H. sapiens, NP_001276674.1] (0.0) GAPDH catalyzes the sixth step of the glycolysis by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate.

*Determined by NCBI BLAST.