Table 2.

Clinical trials involving hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine. CQ: chloroquine, HCQ: hydroxychloroquine, TMZ: temozolomide, VOR: vorinostat.

Disease	Trial	Autophagy Inhibitor	No. Patients	Adverse Effects	Dose	Ref.
Colorectal cancer	Phase I, vorinostat + HCQ	HCQ	19	Fatigue and gastrointestinal disturbances	VOR 600 mg/daily, HCQ 400 mg/daily	[56]
Melanoma	Phase I, HCQ + TMZ	HCQ	40	Fatigue, anorexia, nausea, constipation, and diarrhea	HCQ 200-1200 mg/ daily + TMZ 150 mg/m2	[57]
Refractory multiple myeloma	Phase I, HCQ + BOR	HCQ	25	None	HCQ 600 mg/daily + standard dose of BOR	[58]
Glioblastoma	Phase III, CQ + TMZ + radiation	CQ	30	None	150 mg/daily	[59]
Non-small cell lung cancer	Phase II, CQ + whole-brain radiation	CQ	73	None	150 mg/daily	[59]
Glioma	Randomized, double-blind phase II, carmustine, radiation, and chloroquine	HCQ	30	None	HCQ 150 mg/daily	[59]
Breast Cancer	Phase II, everolimus + HCQ	HCQ	60	None	HCQ 150 mg/daily	[59]