Table 4.
Means (±SE) of responses of hens to the TI test, NO test, and AD test in response to light colors and light intensities *.
| Item | TI Tests 3 | NO Test 4 | AD Test 5 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration (s) | Latency (s) | Induction (no) | HM (no) | Number of hens | Distance (cm) | |
| Light intensity 1 | ||||||
| HLI | 109.77 ± 3.43 a | 20.67 ± 1.02 | 2.65 ± 0.08 | 4.72 ± 0.23 | 12.78 ± 0.37 | 23.92 ± 0.42 a |
| LLI | 95.23 ± 4.86 b | 19.31 ± 0.88 | 2.52 ± 0.11 | 4.80 ± 0.23 | 13.66 ± 0.28 | 18.38 ± 0.61 b |
| Light color 2 | ||||||
| WL | 118.86 ± 3.44 a | 19.21 ± 1.45 | 2.54 ± 0.11 | 5.43 ± 0.22 | 11.66 ± 0.23 b | 25.20 ± 0.47 a |
| RL | 85.43 ± 4.01 b | 17.67 ± 2.01 | 2.47 ± 0.17 | 4.21 ± 0.24 | 14.85 ± 0.23 a | 22.27 ± 0.56 ab |
| YO | 110.39 ± 3.05 a | 21.93 ± 1.88 | 2.79 ± 0.15 | 4.31 ± 0.31 | 12.96 ± 0.32 b | 24.15 ± 0.81 a |
| BG | 93.11 ± 4.64 b | 21.17 ± 2.75 | 2.54 ± 0.15 | 5.09 ± 0.24 | 13.42 ± 0.31 b | 18.08 ± 0.33 b |
| Intensity–Color | ||||||
| WL–HLI | 125.36 ± 3.87 a | 20.35 ± 1.05 ab | 2.65 ± 0.14 | 5.02 ± 0.41 | 12.24 ± 0.31 b | 28.83 ± 0.56 a |
| WL–LLI | 112.35 ± 3.73 ab | 18.07 ± 1.05 bc | 2.42 ± 0.11 | 5.83 ± 0.34 | 11.07 ± 0.29 b | 21.57 ± 0.59 b |
| RL–HLI | 90.27 ± 5.45 cd | 16.17 ± 1.88 c | 2.75 ± 0.13 | 4.25 ± 0.48 | 13.88 ± 0.35 ab | 29.35 ± 0.81 a |
| RL–LLI | 85.58 ± 4.85 d | 19.16 ± 2.02 abc | 2.18 ± 0.15 | 4.17 ± 0.35 | 15.82 ± 0.28 a | 15.18 ± 0.62 c |
| YO–HLI | 118.33 ± 5.75 a | 23.67 ± 2.04 a | 2.75 ± 0.15 | 4.68 ± 0.29 | 13.75 ± 0.27 ab | 27.77 ± 0.67 a |
| YO–LLI | 102.44 ± 5.32 bc | 20.18 ± 2.46 ab | 2.83 ± 0.12 | 3.93 ± 0.52 | 12.16 ± 0.31 b | 20.52 ± 0.73 b |
| BG–HLI | 105.13 ± 3.24 b | 22.50 ± 3.48 a | 2.44 ± 0.15 | 4.92 ± 0.32 | 11.25 ± 0.30 b | 19.92 ± 0.66 bc |
| BG–LLI | 81.08 ± 3.09d | 19.83 ± 1.73 ab | 2.64 ± 0.15 | 5.25 ± 0.28 | 15.58 ± 0.33 a | 16.23 ± 0.72 bc |
| Source of variation | ||||||
| Light intensity | 0.003 | 0.244 | 0.739 | 0.243 | 0.684 | 0.004 |
| Light color | 0.034 | 0.612 | 0.832 | 0.252 | 0.029 | 0.006 |
| Intensity–Color | 0.041 | 0.035 | 0.466 | 0.715 | 0.034 | 0.022 |
a–d Means within a column and effects that lack common superscripts differ significantly (p ≤ 0.05); * Values shown are the responses of hens to the TI test, AD test of four replicate cages with 12 hens per cage, and the responses to the NO test of four replicate cages; 1 Light intensity: HLI = high light intensity, LLI = low light intensity; 2 Light colors: WL = white light, RL = red light, YO = yellow-orange light, BG = blue green light; 3 TI test = tonic immobility test, HM = head movement; 4 NO test = novel object test; 5 AD test = avoidance distance test.