. 2019 Sep 26;9(10):725. doi: 10.3390/ani9100725

Table 2.

Effects of different dietary concentrate levels on the growth performance of Holstein heifers at age of 9, 12 and 15 months.

Item		Treatments			SEM	p-Value
Item		C30	C40	C50	SEM	p-Value
9 months
	Age, month	9.5	9.5	9.4	1.46	0.987
	BW, kg	246.2^b	274.3^a	282.7^a	5.16	0.046
	DM intake, kg/day	5.61^b	6.47^a	6.90^a	0.164	<0.01
	OM intake, kg/day	5.15^b	5.94^a	6.30^a	0.152	0.007
	NDF intake, kg/day	2.12	2.21	2.17	0.093	0.07
	NFC intake, kg/day	1.92^b	2.31^a	2.57^a	0.041	0.024
	GE intake, MJ/day	100.8^b	117.4^a	124.9^a	2.74	<0.01
	ADG, kg/day	1.10^b	1.33^a	1.36^a	0.085	0.448
12 months
	Age, month	11.7	11.6	12.4	0.72	0.477
	BW, kg	326.8^b	336.0^b	363.6^a	10.27	0.036
	DM intake, kg/day	6.98^b	7.06^b	7.18^a	0.233	0.001
	OM intake, kg/day	6.50^b	6.56^b	6.62^a	0.227	0.017
	NDF intake, kg/day	2.57^a	2.30^b	2.10^b	0.100	0.038
	NFC intake, kg/day	2.69^b	2.96^b	3.19^a	0.106	0.001
	GE intake, MJ/day	115.9^b	117.9^b	124.6^a	0.500	<0.01
	ADG, kg/day	0.97^b	1.14^b	1.39^a	0.062	0.010
15 months
	Age, month	14.7	14.6	14.9	0.33	0.965
	BW, kg	402.2^b	424.4^a	429.3^a	8.82	0.945
	DM intake, kg/day	7.44^c	7.78^b	7.96^a	0.234	0.014
	OM intake, kg/day	6.86^c	7.22^b	7.42^a	0.126	<0.01
	NDF intake, kg/day	2.93^a	2.53^b	2.18^c	0.228	0.031
	NFC intake, kg/day	3.06^b	3.26^a	3.30^a	0.179	<0.01
	GE intake, MJ/day	124.9^c	129.9^b	132.2^a	1.69	<0.01
	ADG, kg/day	0.87^b	0.99^a	1.05^a	0.026	0.005

BW = body weight, OM = organic matter, NDF = neutral detergent fiber, ADF = acid detergent fiber, NFC = non-fibrous carbohydrate, GE = gross energy, ADG = average daily gain, C30 = diet containing 30% of concentrate, C40 = diet containing 40% of concentrate, C50 = diet containing 50% of concentrate, SEM = standard error of means. ^a,b,c values within a row with different superscripts differ significantly at p < 0.05.