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. 2019 Oct 4;10(10):776. doi: 10.3390/genes10100776

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schematic consensus phylogeny of insects (drawn from trees in [56,57,58]) showing the inferred evolutionary gains and losses of sperm individualization genes for major insect lineages.