Table 2.
The association between oral health conditions and gastrointestinal cancers risk in the UK Biobank cohort study.
| Oral health | Non-cases/ cancer cases | Model 1a HR (95% CI) | Model 2b HR (95% CI) | Model 3c HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total gastrointestinal cancer | ||||
| Good oral healthd | 396,088/3460 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Poor oral healthe | 69,549/531 | 0.99 (0.91–1.09) | 1.03 (0.94–1.12) | 0.97 (0.89–1.07) |
| Oesophageal cancer | ||||
| Good oral health | 396,088/354 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Poor oral health | 69,549/50 | 0.92 (0.68–1.24) | 0.99 (0.73–1.33) | 0.87 (0.63–1.18) |
| Gastric cancer | ||||
| Good oral health | 396,088/245 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Poor oral health | 69,549/39 | 1.04 (0.75–1.47) | 1.12 (0.79–1.57) | 0.94 (0.65–1.35) |
| Pancreatic cancer | ||||
| Good oral health | 396,088/374 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Poor oral health | 69,549/62 | 1.09 (0.83–1.43) | 1.10 (0.84–1.45) | 1.05 (0.80–1.39) |
| Hepatobiliary cancer | ||||
| Good oral health | 396,323/235 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Poor oral health | 69,587/51 | 1.42 (1.05–1.92) | 1.45 (1.07–1.96) | 1.32 (0.95–1.80) |
| Small intestine cancer | ||||
| Good oral health | 396,088/78 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Poor oral health | 69,549/11 | 0.91 (0.48–1.71) | 0.92 (0.49–1.74) | 0.93 (0.49–1.76) |
| Colon cancer | ||||
| Good oral health | 397,941/1607 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Poor oral health | 69,852/228 | 0.91 (0.80–1.05) | 0.93 (0.81–1.07) | 0.92 (0.80–1.06) |
| Rectal cancer | ||||
| Good oral health | 398,957/591 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Poor oral health | 69,986/94 | 1.00 (0.80–1.24) | 1.04 (0.84–1.30) | 1.02 (0.81–1.30) |
| Colorectal cancer | ||||
| Good oral health | 396,088/2189 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Poor oral health | 69,549/319 | 0.93 (0.83–1.05) | 0.96 (0.85–1.08) | 0.93 (0.83–1.06) |
BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio.
a
Model 1: unadjusted model.
b
Model 2: age and sex adjusted.
c
Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, tertiary education degree, smoking status by pack years, alcohol status, BMI, waist circumference, daily consumption of fruit and vegetables.
d
Good oral health: includes mouth ulcers, toothache/dentures.
e
Poor oral health: includes painful gums, bleeding gums and loose teeth.