The effects of miR-196a knockdown on self-renewal, transwell-invasion, and colony formation of PLC cells. (A) Suppression knockdown (KD) of miR-196a after infection with lentiviral vectors expressing antisense miR-196a (miR-196a-KD) compared with that with negative control vectors (miR-196a-C). (B–D) Knockdown of miR-196a significantly decreased sphere formation of PLC cells (B) and transwell-invasion (C), but not colony formation (D). (E) Suppression of miR-196a decreased transendothelial migration capabilities of PLC. (F) miR-196a downregulation altered cytoskeleton organization, ZO-1 localization, but not E-cadherin. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Original magnification, ×100 (A), ×50 (B), ×100 (C), ×25 (D), ×400 (F).