Effect of irinotecan and AZD2014 on in vivo metastasis 25 days after SW480 cell injections. (a) Caecum, liver and lungs of the orthotopically xenografted mice were removed and subjected to H&E and CK19 staining. Red arrows: macroscopic caecal tumor and spots of metastasis. White arrows: colon tumor cells, green arrows: normal tissue (caecal mucosa, liver, and lung) (magnification 200x). (b) Mean tumor volumes (MTV) of the caecal tumor and macroscopic detection liver and lung metastases (spots of necrosis). +++: numerous spots, ++: moderate spots, +: few spots, no spot. (c) Human DNA content in the liver and lungs of orthotopically xenografted mice at the end of treatment. The amount of human DNA in the organs was quantified by q-PCR of Alu sequences and expressed as a percentage of DNA input used for PCR amplification. Control: untreated mice, irinotecan (10 mg/kg, q5d, IP), AZD2014 (20 mg/kg, BID 2 days on/5 days off, oral gavage), irinotecan (10 mg/kg, q5d, IP) + AZD2014 (20 mg/kg, BID 2 days on/5 days off, oral gavage). Dashed line corresponds to the detection limit of the technique.