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. 2019 Oct 9;11(10):1510. doi: 10.3390/cancers11101510
CAFs cancer-associated fibroblasts
DCs dendritic cells
DEN N-nitrosodiethylamine
ECM extracellular matrix
EGF epidermal growth factor
ELF embryonic liver fodrin
EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition
FAK focal adhesion kinase
FGF fibroblast growth factor
HCC hepatocellular carcinoma
HGF hepatocyte growth factor
HSC hepatic stellate cells
IFN-γ interferon-gamma
IFN interferons
IL interleukins
miRNAs microRNAs
NK natural killer cells
NKT natural killer T cells
NOG mice NOD/Shi-Scid/IL-2Rγ null
PDGF platelet-derived growth factor
PD-L1/ 2 programmed death ligand-1 and 2
SDF stromal-derived factor
TAM tumor-associated macrophages
TGF transforming growth factor
TGFβR1 Type I dimeric receptor
TGFβR2 Type II serine/threonine kinase dimeric receptor
TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α
Treg regulatory T
VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
α-SMA α smooth muscle actin
DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
PEG polyethylene glycol
EtOH ethanol