| CAFs | cancer-associated fibroblasts |
| DCs | dendritic cells |
| DEN | N-nitrosodiethylamine |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| EGF | epidermal growth factor |
| ELF | embryonic liver fodrin |
| EMT | epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| FAK | focal adhesion kinase |
| FGF | fibroblast growth factor |
| HCC | hepatocellular carcinoma |
| HGF | hepatocyte growth factor |
| HSC | hepatic stellate cells |
| IFN-γ | interferon-gamma |
| IFN | interferons |
| IL | interleukins |
| miRNAs | microRNAs |
| NK | natural killer cells |
| NKT | natural killer T cells |
| NOG mice | NOD/Shi-Scid/IL-2Rγ null |
| PDGF | platelet-derived growth factor |
| PD-L1/ 2 | programmed death ligand-1 and 2 |
| SDF | stromal-derived factor |
| TAM | tumor-associated macrophages |
| TGF | transforming growth factor |
| TGFβR1 | Type I dimeric receptor |
| TGFβR2 | Type II serine/threonine kinase dimeric receptor |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor-α |
| Treg | regulatory T |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| α-SMA | α smooth muscle actin |
| DMSO | dimethylsulfoxide |
| PEG | polyethylene glycol |
| EtOH | ethanol |