Table 5.
Immunoexpression of CTLA-4, PD-L1 and MMR proteins in tumor cells of testicular germ cell tumors.
| Variables | CTLA-4 in TCs: Absent/Weak | CTLA-4 in TCs: Moderate/Strong | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary tumor histology (n, % within Histology) | <0.0001 * | ||
| SE (n = 107) | 74 (69.2) | 33 (30.8) | |
| NS (n = 157) | 58 (36.9) | 99 (63.1) | |
| Primary tumor subtype (n, % within subtype) | |||
| SE (n = 107) | 74 (69.2) | 33 (30.8) | <0.0001 * |
| EC (n = 60) | 41 (68.3) | 19 (31.7) | |
| YST (n = 39) | 10 (25.6) | 29 (74.4) | |
| CH (n = 11) | 1 (9.1) | 10 (90.9) | |
| TE (n = 47) | 6 (12.8) | 41 (87.2) | |
| PD-L1 in TCs: Negative | PD-L1 in TCs: Positive | p-Value | |
| Histology (n, % within Histology) | 1.0 | ||
| SE (n = 108) | 81 (75.0) | 27 (25.0) | |
| NS (n = 157) | 118 (75.2) | 39 (24.8) | |
| Primary tumor subtype (n, % within subtype) | |||
| SE (n = 108) | 81 (75.0) | 27 (25.0) | <0.0001* |
| EC (n = 60) | 38 (63.3) | 22 (36.7) | |
| YST (n = 39) | 33 (84.6) | 6 (15.4) | |
| CH (n = 11) | 1 (9.1) | 10 (90.9) | |
| TE (n = 47) | 46 (97.9) | 1 (2.1) | |
| MLH1 in TCs: CS<6 | MLH1 in TCs: CS≥6 | p-Value | |
| Histology (n, % within Histology) | <0.0001* | ||
| SE (n = 108) | 18 (16.7) | 90 (83.3) | |
| NS (n = 154) | 82 (53.2) | 72 (46.8) | |
| Primary tumor subtype (n, % within subtype) | |||
| SE (n = 108) | 18 (16.7) | 90 (83.3) | <0.0001* |
| EC (n = 59) | 26 (44.1) | 33 (55.9) | |
| YST (n = 39) | 18 (46.2) | 21 (53.8) | |
| CH (n = 11) | 6 (54.5) | 5 (45.5) | |
| TE (n = 45) | 32 (71.1) | 13 (28.9) | |
| PMS2 in TCs: CS<6 | PMS2 in TCs: CS≥6 | p-Value | |
| Histology (n, % within Histology) | 0.0001* | ||
| SE (n = 107) | 16 (15.0) | 91 (85.0) | |
| NS (n = 154) | 56 (36.4) | 98 (63.6) | |
| Primary tumor subtype (n, % within subtype) | |||
| SE (n = 107) | 16 (15.0) | 91 (85.0) | 0.0003* |
| EC (n = 59) | 18 (30.5) | 41 (69.5) | |
| YST (n = 39) | 12 (30.8) | 27 (69.2) | |
| CH (n = 11) | 3 (27.3) | 8 (72.7) | |
| TE (n = 45) | 23 (51.1) | 22 (48.9) | |
| MSH2 in TCs: CS<6 | MSH2 in TCs: CS≥6 | p-Value | |
| Histology (n, % within Histology) | 0.8287 | ||
| SE (n = 108) | 9 (8.3) | 99 (91.7) | |
| NS (n = 154) | 15 (9.7) | 139 (90.3) | |
| Primary tumor subtype (n, % within subtype) | |||
| SE (n = 108) | 9 (8.3) | 99 (91.7) | 0.0005* |
| EC (n = 59) | 0 (0) | 59 (100) | |
| YST (n = 39) | 3 (7.7) | 36 (92.3) | |
| CH (n = 11) | 4 (36.4) | 7 (63.6) | |
| TE (n = 45) | 8 (17.8) | 37 (82.2) | |
| MSH6 in TCs: CS<6 | MSH6 in TCs: CS≥6 | p-Value | |
| Histology (n, % within Histology) | 0.0865 | ||
| SE (n = 107) | 12 (11.2) | 95 (88.8) | |
| NS (n = 150) | 29 (19.3) | 121 (80.7) | |
| Primary tumor subtype (n, % within subtype) | |||
| SE (n = 107) | 12 (11.2) | 95 (88.8) | <0.0001 * |
| EC (n = 58) | 1 (1.7) | 57 (98.3) | |
| YST (n = 38) | 8 (21.1) | 30 (78.9) | |
| CH (n = 10) | 5 (50.0) | 5 (50.0) | |
| TE (n = 44) | 15 (34.1) | 29 (65.9) |
* significant values. Abbreviations: CH—choriocarcinoma; CS—combined score; EC—embryonal carcinoma; MMR – mismatch repair; NS—non-seminoma; SE—seminoma; TC—tumor cells; TE—postpubertal-type teratoma; YST—postpubertal-type yolk sac tumor. Row percentages are depicted.