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. 2019 Sep 26;9(10):728. doi: 10.3390/ani9100728

Table 6.

The multilevel regression model results for associations between the preference ratings (N = 20,858) for images of 6 rabbit faces classified as being extremely-brachycephalic and the demographic population characteristics. Significance was considered at p < 0.001. SE, standard error.

Variable Type Coefficient SE Z p-Value
Intercept 5.11 0.05 101.80 <0.001
Continent
Europe Reference
Africa 0.56 0.14 4.05 <0.001
Asia 0.61 0.07 8.54 <0.001
Latin America and the Caribbean 0.45 0.06 8.02 <0.001
North America 0.38 0.02 19.95 <0.001
Oceania 0.05 0.05 1.07 0.296
Not Given 0.26 0.08 3.32 0.001
Age
17 or younger Reference
18 to 24 −0.13 0.05 −2.80 0.005
25 to 34 −0.27 0.05 −5.70 <0.001
35 to 44 −0.55 0.05 −10.62 <0.001
45 to 54 −0.95 0.06 −16.29 <0.001
55 to 64 −1.28 0.07 −18.33 <0.001
65 to 74 −1.33 0.11 −11.75 <0.001
75 or older −1.69 0.23 −7.36 <0.001
Not Given −0.52 0.30 −1.79 0.076
Vet or Animal Care/Science Worker
Yes Reference
No, but I have in the past 0.63 0.05 13.30 <0.001
No, never 0.73 0.04 20.31 <0.001
Not given 0.43 0.33 1.30 0.197
Current Rabbit Owner
No Reference
Yes 0.72 0.03 27.85 <0.001
Education
No qualifications Reference
GCSE/Graduated high school −0.10 0.05 −2.06 0.043
College courses, no degree −0.19 0.05 −3.84 <0.001
Trade/Technical school −0.14 0.07 −2.03 0.046
Bachelor’s degree −0.27 0.05 −5.32 <0.001
Associate degree −0.10 0.06 −1.55 0.128
Advanced degree (Master’s, Ph.D., M.D.) −0.39 0.05 −7.48 <0.001
Not Given 0.36 0.24 1.55 0.124