Table 1.
General data and specifications reviewed articles in the meta-analysis
| First author | Publishing year | Study year | Location of study | Number of samples | The Prevalence of Pathogens (percent) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Streptococcus | Enterobacter | Proteus | Pseudomonas | Acinetobacter | Citrobacter | Enterococci | Staphylococcus | Klebsiella | E. coli | |||||
| Molazadeh[74] | 1391 | 1383 | Western Azerbaijan | 1900 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 39.3 |
| Mohajeri[75] | 1390 | 1387 | Kermanshah | 1114 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 75 |
| Molazadeh[7] | 1393 | 91-92 | Fasa | 2484 | - | 5.4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 16.6 | 76.3 |
| Mosavian[76] | 1383 | 1382 | Ahvaz | 38 | - | 18 | - | 6 | - | - | - | 14 | 20 | 34 |
| Madani[77] | 1387 | 1358 | Kermanshah | 1815 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 45.4 | |
| Sorkhi[78] | 1384 | 1381 | Babol | 188 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 59.5 | |
| Ghoutaslou[79] | 1384 | 91-92 | Tabriz | 213 | - | 5.2 | 9 | 4.2 | - | - | - | - | 10.3 | 79 |
| Norouzi[80] | 1379 | 1377 | Tehran | 313 | - | 1.6 | 12.7 | 5.9 | - | - | - | 3.2 | 4.6 | 53.5 |
| Alaie[81] | 1387 | 84-83 | Tehran | 510 | - | 2.4 | 7.6 | - | - | - | - | 6.1 | 9 | 72 |
| Torabi[82] | 1368 | 1385 | Zanjan | 118 | - | 3.9 | - | - | - | - | - | 15.9 | 17.3 | 48.4 |
| Hajizade[83] | 1382 | 1381 | Tehran | 150 | - | - | 4 | 5 | 8 | - | - | 19 | 10 | 50 |
| Eghbalian[84] | 1384 | 83-84 | Hamedan | 156 | - | 6.4 | 2.6 | - | - | 2.6 | - | 5.1 | 2.6 | 82 |
| Jarsiah[72] | 1393 | 90-91 | Tehran | 208 | - | - | 5.8 | 3.4 | - | - | - | 6.2 | 73.1 | |
| Mirmostafa[85] | 1392 | 1379 | Karaj | 100 | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | - | 3 | 83 | |
| Mobasher[86] | 1381 | 139 | Gorgan | 33 | - | - | 3 | 3 | - | 3 | - | 30.3 | 15.2 | 33.3 |
| Asgharian[87] | 1391 | 89-90 | Tenekanon | 307 | - | - | - | - | - | 84.6 | ||||
| Sharif[88] | 1378 | 74-76 | Kashan | 152 | - | 0.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 14-Jul | 52 |
| Rahimi[89] | 1393 | 90-91 | Esfahan | 301 | - | 2.3 | 2 | 0.65 | 11.3 | 7.3 | 65.5 | |||
| Mokhtarian[90] | 1385 | 80-84 | GONABAD | 353 | - | - | 3.4 | - | - | - | - | 21.8 | 7.9 | 66 |
| Assefzadeh[91] | 1383 | 1386 | Ghazvin | 224 | - | 3.1 | 2.7 | 10.3 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 7.2 | 8.9 | 61.2 | |
| Tarhani[64] | 1382 | 80-81 | Khoram abad | 127 | - | 3.1 | 12.6 | - | - | 0.8 | - | - | 9.4 | 23.2 |
| Hamid-Farahani[92] | 1391 | 87-88 | Tehran | 456 | 8.6 | - | - | - | - | 2 | 3.3 | 22.1 | 13 | 60.3 |
| Mohammadi[93] | 1385 | 1380 | Falavarjan | 209 | - | 6.2 | 2.9 | 2.4 | - | - | 1.4 | 17.2 | 15.8 | 54.1 |
| Fahimi[94] | 1382 | 75-82 | Tehran | 120 | - | 0.5 | 1.1 | - | - | 2.8 | 2.9 | 61.1 | ||
| Saedi[95] | 1392 | 89-91 | Mashhad | 102 | - | - | - | 4.5 | 14.5 | - | 14.5 | 1.3 | 15.4 | 16.3 |
| Yazdi[96] | 1389 | 88-89 | Tehran | 444 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 55.4 |
| Yadollahi[97] | 1381 | 71-76 | Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari | 202 | - | 6.5 | 2.5 | 0.8 | - | - | - | 2.5 | 7.5 | 80 |
| Soleimani[98] | 1392 | 91-92 | Semnan | 100 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 70 |
| Moulana | 1392 | 87-88 | Babol | 770 | 12.1 | - | - | - | - | 5.9 | 8 | 17.9 | 48.6 | |
| Heidari-soreshjani[100] | 1392 | 90-91 | Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari | 74 | 4.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.3 | - | 70.3 |
| Soltan Dallal[101] | 1390 | 88-89 | Tabriz | 400 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 47 | ||
| Yazdi[102] | 1392 | - | Tehran | 300 | 22.3 | - | - | - | - | - | 22.3 | 77.7 | ||
| Fesharakinia[103] | 1391 | 88-89 | Birjand | 100 | - | - | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 75 |
| Jalalpour[104] | 1388 | 1387 | Esfahan | 91 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 15.4 | 84.6 | |
| Mohammadimehr[105] | 1390 | 86-87 | Tehran | 77 | - | 6.5 | 9.1 | 13 | 10.3 | 1.3 | - | - | 13 | 45.4 |
| Sahebnagh[106] | 1393 | 1392 | Tehran | 1123 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 50 |
| Safkhani[107] | 1393 | 1392 | Tehran | 136 | - | - | 4.4 | - | - | 1.5 | 8.8 | 13.2 | 11.8 | 51.5 |
| Soltan Dallal[101] | 1393 | 91-92 | Tehran | 400 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24 | - |
| Asghari Moghadam[108] | 1393 | 89-90 | Tehran | 116 | - | - | - | 10.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mortazavi[109] | 1393 | 1391 | Yasouj | 200 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 61.5 | |||
| Asadi Manesh[5] | 1393 | 1391 | Yasouj | 145 | - | 3.5 | 6.2 | 2.8 | - | - | - | 3.4 | 10.3 | 72.4 |
| Dehbashi[110] | 1393 | 92-93 | Tehran | 522 | 10.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Savadkoohi[111] | 1392 | 89-90 | Babol | 128 | - | - | - | 4.1 | - | - | - | - | 3.1 | 8.9 |
| Sharif[112] | 1393 | 91-92 | Kashan | 180 | - | - | 1.7 | 1.1 | 2.8 | 1.2 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 19.4 | 64.3 |
| Isvand[3] | 1393 | 1391 | Dezfool | 160 | 3.1 | 1.9 | - | 1.3 | - | 2.5 | - | 4.4 | 20.1 | 63.3 |
| Esmaeili[113] | 1392 | 90-91 | Hamedan | 141 | - | 10.7 | 7.1 | 7.9 | - | - | - | 8.5 | 61 | |
| Hosseini[114] | 1393 | 91-92 | Ghazvin | 12.4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 10.6 | 61.1 |
| Shahraki[115] | 1393 | 1391 | Zahedan | 122 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 8.2 | - | |
| Bagheri[116] | 1393 | 90-91 | Gorgan | 111 | - | 26.1 | 6.3 | 13.5 | 1.8 | - | - | - | 40.5 | - |
| Molazade[117] | 1393 | 91-93 | Fasa | 283 | - | 5.7 | 5.7 | - | - | - | 6.4 | 14.5 | 64.3 | |
| Molazade[118] | 1393 | 91-92 | Fasa | 24-84 | - | 5.8 | 3.5 | 1.7 | - | - | - | - | 23.9 | 64.7 |
| Molaabaszadeh[119] | 1392 | 1390 | Tabriz Fasa | 5701 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 58.4 | |
| Farajnia[120] | 1388 | 86 | Tabriz | 676 | - | 1.2 | 1.2 | 2.7 | - | - | 1.2 | 8 | 11.7 | 74.6 |
| Ahangarkani[121] | 1393 | 92-93 | Babol | 128 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 78 |
| Nasiri[122] | 1379 | 78-79 | Birjand | 111 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 65 |
| Savadkoohi[111] | 1386 | 82-83 | Babol | 160 | - | 11.9 | 3.1 | 6.3 | - | - | - | 6.5 | - | 70 |
| Panahi[123] | 1387 | 80-84 | Tehran | 28 | - | 17.9 | - | - | - | 17.9 | 43 | 21.4 | ||
| Esmaeili[124] | 1384 | 80-81 | Mashhad | 166 | - | 1.8 | 6 | 0.6 | - | 2.4 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 7.2 | 74.1 |
| Jalalpoor[125] | 1390 | 88-89 | Esfahan | 211 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 14 | 64 |
| Jalalpoor[125] | 1390 | 88-89 | Esfahan | 167 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 15 | 52 |
| Zamanzad[126] | 1384 | 1383 | Shahre Kord | 100 | - | 2 | - | 6 | - | - | - | 12 | 38 | 42 |
| Zamanzad[126] | 1384 | 1383 | Shahre Kord | 100 | - | 6 | 4 | 2 | - | 1 | - | 7 | 16 | 58 |
| Norouzi[127] | 1385 | 1 | Jahrom | 351 | - | 3.7 | 56 | 1.4 | - | 1.2 | - | 0.84 | 10.7 | 80.3 |
| Abdolahi[128] | 1383 | 86-87 | Tehran | 5400 | 15.7 | 1.3 | 2.3 | - | - | 0.8 | 2 | 14.1 | 8.8 | 44.5 |