Table 4.
Parameter Estimates (Gammas) for Effects of Independent Variables on Differentiated Services (n = 11 264).
| Differentiated services | ||
|---|---|---|
| Hypothesized | Actual unstandardized coefficients (standard errors) | |
| Independent variables | ||
| Geographic distance | − | 0.293 c (0.051) |
| Bed size | + | 0.309 c (0.078) |
| Size asymmetry | + | 3.329 c (0.049) |
| Nonprofit/public ownership | + | 1.069 c (0.112) |
| Multihospital system membership | − | −0.610 c (0.102) |
| Teaching affiliation | + | 1.473 c (0.109) |
| Market competition | + | 0.874 a (0.444) |
| Control variables | ||
| Case mix index | 6.940 c (0.182) | |
| Population density | 0.061 (0.057) | |
| Community wealth | −0.873 b (0.291) | |
| Specialist density | 0.120 b (0.044) | |
| Medicare beneficiary density | 0.007 a (0.002) | |
| a: Significant at the 0.05 level | ||
| b: Significant at the 0.01 level | ||
| c: Significant at the 0.001 level | ||
| Adjusted R2 = 0.5419; F = 1110.97; P < .0001; n = 11 264 | ||