Table 3.
Effect of feeding cold-pressed sunflower cake on intake, apparent digestibility of nutrients, and feeding behavior in lactating dairy cows (LSM; n = 10).
| Item | Treatment | SED | p-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTR | CPSC | Treatment | Breed | Period | ||
| DMI (kg/d) | ||||||
| Roughage | 15.4 | 15.2 | 0.76 | 0.867 | 0.260 | 0.491 |
| Concentrate | 4.7 | 4.7 | 0.22 | 0.958 | 0.352 | 0.512 |
| Total | 20.1 | 19.9 | 0.78 | 0.813 | 0.158 | 0.548 |
| Total nitrogen | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.09 | 0.366 | 0.152 | 0.358 |
| Starch | 2.4 | 2.5 | 0.09 | 0.364 | 0.254 | 0.425 |
| Neutral detergent fiber | 9.6 | 9.7 | 0.44 | 0.947 | 0.138 | 0.421 |
| Acid detergent fiber | 5.5 | 5.6 | 0.25 | 0.921 | 0.301 | 0.540 |
| Apparent digestibility (g/kg) | ||||||
| Dry matter | 763 | 745 | 20 | 0.381 | 0.964 | 0.136 |
| Nitrogen | 557 | 586 | 13 | 0.086 | 0.845 | 0.158 |
| Starch | 623 | 601 | 38 | 0.591 | 0.954 | 0.201 |
| Neutral detergent fiber | 544 | 528 | 22 | 0.503 | 0.899 | 0.150 |
| Acid detergent fiber | 460 | 430 | 30 | 0.342 | 0.950 | 0.155 |
| Feeding behavior | ||||||
| Intake, min/d | 442 | 418 | 28.0 | 0.233 | 0.752 | 0.235 |
| Rumination, min/d | 372 | 418 | 46.8 | 0.177 | 0.835 | 0.321 |
| Rumination, min/ kg DMI | 19.9 | 20.2 | 1.43 | 0.579 | 0.852 | 0.299 |
| Chewing, min/d | 815 | 837 | 31.4 | 0.313 | 0.752 | 0.158 |
| Chewing, min/kg DMI | 43.4 | 40.4 | 2.74 | 0.137 | 0.780 | 0.221 |
| Idling, min/d | 624 | 602 | 31.4 | 0.313 | 0.899 | 0.450 |
| Meal duration, min | 42.5 | 35.2 | 6.41 | 0.129 | 0.952 | 0.423 |
| Meals | 9.3 | 9.7 | 1.72 | 0.690 | 0.901 | 0.520 |
DMr: roughage dry matter; DMc: concentrate dry matter; DMt: Total dry matter; CTR: control; CPSC: cold-pressed sunflower cake.