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. 2019 Sep 26;8(10):430. doi: 10.3390/antiox8100430

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Formononetin (FN) prevents methotrexate (MTX)-induced renal dysfunction and injury. FN ameliorated serum creatinine (A) and urea (B) and renal kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) (C) in MTX-administered rats. Data are mean ± SEM, (n = 6). *p < 0.05 and ***p < 0.001. (D) Photomicrographs showing the normal structure of the glomeruli (G) and renal tubules in control and FN-treated rats, and interstitial hemorrhage (black arrow), glomerular atrophy and necrosis (arrowhead), and infiltration of leukocytes (yellow arrow) in MTX-intoxicated rats. FN prevented kidney injury induced by MTX with interstitial hemorrhage (black arrow) observed at the 10 mg/kg dose. (hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); X400) [Scale bar = 50 µm].