Table 4.
Effects of a blend of S. cerevisiae-direct-fed microbial and fermentation products on blood immune gene expression in beef steers during a 42 d receiving period1
| Day 21 | Day 42 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene Name | Gene symbol | Fold change2 | P-value | Fold change2 | P-value |
| Toll-like receptor 2 | TLR2 | 1.46 | 0.02 | 1.82 | 0.01 |
| Toll-like receptor 6 | TLR6 | 1.27 | 0.01 | 1.52 | 0.01 |
| Tumor Necrosis Factor | TNF | 1.22 | 0.05 | 1.53 | 0.02 |
| Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 | STAT6 | 1.32 | 0.02 | 1.22 | 0.04 |
| Caspase 1 | CASP1 | 1.38 | 0.04 | 1.29 | 0.02 |
| Interleukin 8 | IL-8 | 0.43 | 0.01 | ||
| Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 | ICAM1 | 1.29 | 0.02 | ||
| Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor C | RORC | 1.25 | 0.03 | ||
| Transcription factor T-bet | TBX21 | 1.44 | 0.01 | ||
| Toll-like receptor 1 | TLR1 | 2.01 | 0.01 | ||
| C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 | CXCR3 | 1.20 | 0.02 | ||
1CON = control; PROB = a blend of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based direct-fed microbial and fermentation products fed at 19 g/steer/d (PMI, Arden Hills, MN).
2Fold change (relative to control) = 2-ΔΔCt = [(CTgene of interest – CTreference genes)PROB – (CTgene of interest – CTreference genes)CON]. Only genes with both fold change ≥ 1.2 or ≤ 0.83, relative to Control and P ≤ 0.05 are shown.